BackgroundActivities to decrease the burden of tuberculosis (TB) among people living with HIV (PLHIV) include intensified TB case-finding (ICF), Isoniaizid (INH) preventive therapy (IPT) and infection control in health-care and congregate settings (IC). Information about the status of collaborative TB/HIV care services which decreases the burden of TB among PLHIV in Ethiopia is limited. The purpose of the study was to assess TB case finding and provision of IPT among PLHIV in Addis Ababa.MethodsA cross sectional, facility-based survey was conducted between June 2011 and August 2011. Data was collected by interviewing 849 PLHIV from ten health facilities in Addis Ababa. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze findings and the results are described in this report.ResultsThe proportion of PLHIV who have been screened for TB during any one of their follow-up cares was 92.8%. Eighty eight (10.4%) of the study participants have been diagnosed for TB during their HIV follow-up cares. PLHIV who had never been diagnosed for TB before they knew their positive HIV status were nearly four times more likely to be diagnosed for TB during follow-up cares than those diagnosed before (AOR [95% CI]: 3.78 [1.69-8.43]). Nearly a third (28.7%) of all interviewed PLHIV self reported that they had been treated with IPT.ConclusionsIt can be concluded that ICF for TB and IPT among PLHIV in Addis Ababa need boosting. Hence, it is recommended to put into practice the national and global guidelines to improve ICF and IPT among PLHIV in the city.

BackgroundCollaborative TB/HIV management is essential to ensure that HIV positive TB patients are identified and treated appropriately, and to prevent tuberculosis (TB) in HIV positive patients. The purpose of this study was to assess HIV case finding among TB patients and Co-trimoxazole Preventive Therapy (CPT) for HIV/TB patients in Addis Ababa.MethodsA descriptive cross-sectional, facility-based survey was conducted between June and July 2011. Data was collected by interviewing 834 TB patients from ten health facilities in Addis Ababa. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used to summarize and analyze findings.ResultsThe proportion of TB patients who (self reported) were offered for HIV test, tested for HIV and tested HIV positive during their anti-TB treatment follow-up were; 87.4%, 69.4% and 20.2%; respectively. Eighty seven HIV positive patients were identified, who knew their status before diagnosed for the current TB disease, bringing the cumulative prevalence of HIV among TB patients to 24.5%. Hence, the proportion of TB patients who knew their HIV status becomes 79.9%. The study revealed that 43.6% of those newly identified HIV positives during anti-TB treatment follow-up were actually treated with CPT. However, the commutative proportion of HIV positive TB patients who were ever treated with CPT was 54.4%; both those treated before the current TB disease and during anti-TB treatment follow-up.ConclusionsHIV case finding among TB patients and provision of CPT for TB/HIV co-infected patients needs boosting. Hence, routine offering of HIV test and provision of CPT for PLHIV should be strengthened in-line with the national guidelines.

Introduction Following the declaration of COVID-19 as a global public health threat, disease surveillance activities were crippled in 2020. Documenting surveillance improvements of Sidama province in 2021 has to be endorsed to boost the performances. Methods A comparative analysis study design of acute flaccid paralysis and measles surveillance data of 2020 and 2021 for Sidama province was used. The non-polio AFP rate and stool adequacy rate were used to assess the sensitivity of the AFP surveillance. Whereas, the non-measles febrile rash rate was used to assess the measles surveillance. Results A total of 91 AFP cases in 2021 and 44 in 2020 have been detected and investigated for polio analysis. All cases were discarded in both years. The stool adequacy rate for 2021 was 90.1%; whereas, 86.4% in 2020. Annualized non-polio AFP rate was 2.2/100,000 for 2020 and 3.8/100,000 for 2021, which the latter is much higher to the minimum expected rate in outbreak areas of 3/100,000. A total of 154 suspected measles cases in 2021 and 111 in 2020 have been investigated for IGM analysis. In 2020, 64 and 11 in 2021 IGM positive for measles were identified. The non-measles febrile rash rate for 2020 was 1.1/100,000; whereas, 2.5/100,000 for 2021. Conclusion There is an improved in the sensitivity of AFP and measles surveillance performance for Sidama province in 2021. Sustaining high quality measles and AFP surveillance is suggested to maintain measles and polio free statuses.