Cr 3 B 4 cermets cemented by cobalt and iron as a metallic b inder up to 20 wt% were prepared by hot pressing at 1500 and 1800℃ under a pressure of 14 and 41 MPa for 1hr. The binder addition enhanced the densification of Cr 3 B 4 cermets due to the formation of liquid metal and its flow into the pores. It is also found that the temperature and pressure have a pronounced effect on densificat ion. The densification of Cr 3 B 4 is enhanced by the addition of cobalt and iron due to the liquid phase format ion, therefore, the hardness and fracture toughness were improved, to a certain extent. A composite with a both high Vickers hardness of 35.98 GPa and a modest fracture toughness of 2.5 MPa.m 1/2 could be obtained by the addition of 8 wt% cobalt at 1500 o C and 14 MPa. There is an overgrowth of the boride grains which surly reduces the hardness but has less impact on the fracture toughness.
Gasification is one of the most important solutions for plastic waste management. We researched the conversion of plastic waste to fuel using sustainable material (Nano Clay) modified with Nano transition metals (TiO 2 , MnO, and ZnO). This was processed in a fix bed reactor design. After studying the reaction mechanism of the gasification process, we evaluated the optimize (reactor temperature, reaction time and feeding ratio of the modified catalyst) on the gasification process with its application for the modified catalyst on the degradation of polyethylene high density(PEHD), other waste plastic to fuel (CH 4 , H 2 , and other light component gasses). This method can be used as an important resource for renewable energy (like generating electricity and clean fuel), rather than waste for landfills and the incineration process which is the main source of CO 2 emissions.
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