Background:Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is of clinical and public health importance, affecting up to one in five women of reproductive age. It has significant and diverse clinical implications including reproductive, metabolic, and psychological features.Aim:The study was to investigate the effect of anti-inflammatory dietary combo on metabolic, endocrine, inflammatory, and reproductive profiles in overweight and obese women with PCOS.Materials and Methods:A total of 100 nonpregnant, overweight, and obese adult females with PCOS according to the Rotterdam criteria, were screened during the year 2012, and 75 completed the trial. At baseline and study end, fasting blood samples were drawn to measure biological markers, body fat percent (BFP), and visceral fat area (VFA) were assessed by the InBody720 device and anthropometric measurements were done for all participants who were subjected to an anti-inflammatory hypocaloric diet and physical activity for 12 weeks.Results:At study completion, we achieved moderate weight loss of (± 7%) and significant improvements in body composition, hormones and menstrual cyclicity, blood pressure, glucose homeostasis, dyslipidemia, C-reactive protein (CRP), and serum amyloid A (SAA) (surrogate measures of cardiovascular risk (CVR)). This was a clinically relevant weight loss that is associated with a reduced prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) and metabolic syndrome (MS) in the general population and improved fertility outcomes in PCOS. We achieved 63% regain of menstrual cyclicity and 12% spontaneous pregnancy rate within 12 week.Conclusions:We have explored an additional dietary treatment option with good prognostic metabolic and reproductive responses to weight loss that occur in overweight and obese PCOS.

Background In order to improve the efficacy of endometrial carcinoma (EC) treatment, identifying prognostic factors for high risk patients is a high research priority. This study aimed to assess the relationships among the expression of estrogen receptors (ER), progesterone receptors (PR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), Ki-67, and the different histopathological prognostic parameters in EC and to assess the value of these in the management of EC. Methods We examined 109 cases of EC. Immunohistochemistry for ER, PR, HER2, and Ki-67 were evaluated in relation to age, tumor size, International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage and grade, depth of infiltration, cervical and ovarian involvement, lymphovascular space invasion (LVSI), and lymph node (LN) metastasis. Results The mean age of patients in this study was 59.8 ± 8.2 years. Low ER and PR expression scores and high Ki-67 expression showed highly significant associations with non-endometrioid histology (p = .007, p < .001, and p < .001, respectively) and poor differentiation (p = .007, p < .001, and p <. 001, respectively). Low PR score showed a significant association with advanced stage (p = .009). Low ER score was highly associated with LVSI (p = .006), and low PR scores were associated significantly with LN metastasis (p = .026). HER2 expression was significantly related to advanced stages (p = .04), increased depth of infiltration (p = .02), LVSI (p = .017), ovarian involvement (p = .038), and LN metastasis (p = .038). There was a close relationship between HER2 expression and uterine cervical involvement (p = .009). Higher Ki-67 values were associated with LN involvement (p = .012). Conclusions The over-expression of HER2 and Ki-67 and low expression of ER and PR indicate a more malignant EC behavior. An immunohistochemical panel for the identification of high risk tumors can contribute significantly to prognostic assessments.

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Background: Childhood obesity is a serious public health problem in many countries worldwide. The aim of this study was to investigate whether obesity among preschool children in Alexandria-Egypt, was problematic, and to identify the risk factors contributing to obesity in children. Subjects and Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted on 500 preschool children of both sexes, aged between 2-5 years in Alexandria-Egypt. Sociodemographic data about the children and eating practices were collected from each child's mother. Weight and height were measured and body mass index (BMI) was calculated. World Health Organization cutoff values of BMI-forage percentiles were used to determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity. Results: Overweight accounted for 14% and obesity 23% for the entire studied sample. Prevalence of overweight and obesity were 15.8% and 22.2% among boys, and 12.2% and 24.0% among girls, respectively. Children aged from 24 to 36 months reported the highest prevalence of overweight 40.8%. Whereas, children aged from 48 to 60 months were more obese, 52.2%. High daily fat intake, small family size, housewife-mothers, and frequent snacking on fatty fast foods were statistically significant associated with overweight and obesity, P < 0.05. Conclusion: The prevalence of preschool children overweight and obesity in Alexandria is becoming a serious public health problem; considering that Egypt is still suffering from childhood undernutrition mostly in the form of stunting. Frequent snacking on fatty fast foods, mother working status, and family size were among factors associated with preschool children overweight and obesity in Alexandria, Egypt.

Egypt is the world's largest date producing country. Different functional foods pertaining to date seeds were attempted before. Phenolic phytochemicals are not well absorbed in gastrointestinal tract, which results in lower bioactivity. Nanotechnology helps to resolve poor oral bioavailability. Aim was to evaluate the in-vivo anti-inflammatory properties of date seed powder (DSP) nanoparticles (NPs) and infusion in rats fed a high fat diet (HFD). Twenty five Wistar rats were distributed among five groups; I (control), II (on HFD), III (on HFD and DSPNP1 1:5), IV (on HFD and DSPNP2 2:3), and V (on HFD and DSP infusion 1g/kg/day). Blood samples were tested for C-reactive protein (CRP), Serum amyloid-A (SAA), total cholesterol, HDL, albumin, creatinine, and some primary biochemical parameters. HFD induced significant elevations in cholesterol and inflammatory markers as compared to the controls; while, HDL, ALT, AST, creatinine and albumin showed no change in all rats. In all DSP treatment groups, total cholesterol levels were reduced significantly. Both DSP NPs and infusion caused significant decrease in CRP and SAA levels. DSP NPs exhibited the same anti-inflammatory effects as their free counterparts. Using polyvinyl alcohol NPs of DSP in a wt/wt ratio of 2 PVA: 3 DSP; resulted in an acceptable particle size and physicochemical properties.