Background Optimal breastfeeding is critical for healthy growth of the child. Globally, 820,000 children and 20,000 women lost due to in appropriate breastfeeding each year. In Ethiopia, 50,000 children lost related to malnutrition with 18% were due to poor breastfeeding habit. Little is known on the determinants of breastfeeding with hierarchical level. Therefore, this study aimed to identify factors influencing optimal breastfeeding among children under six month in Ethiopia using a multilevel analysis. Methods The data of this study were obtained from Ethiopian Demographic and health survey conducted from January to June 2016. A total 1,087 children aged 0–5 months were selected using two stage stratified sampling technique. Multilevel logistic regression analysis was done to identify significant explanatory variables. Akaike information criteria were used to select the best model fit. Fixed effect was done to estimate the association between the outcome and explanatory variable and also random effect to measure the variation explained by the higher level. Result Among the total of 1,087 children, 45.4% were optimally breastfeed. Children from the richest wealth index (AOR = 2.87; 95% CI: 1.53–5.43) was positively associated with optimal breastfeeding but, children aged 4–5 months (AOR = 0.19; 95%CI: 0.12–0.27), children born through cesarean section (AOR = 0.18; 955 CI: 0.07–0.51) and residing in Afar region (AOR = 0.13; 95%CI: 0.02–0.92) were found inversely associated with optimal breastfeeding. The random-effects showed that the variation between communities was statistically significant. Conclusion Individual and community level factors play a significant role in shaping optimal breastfeeding. Future strategies and health interventions should be strengthen to target individual and community level factors that enhance optimal breastfeeding.
Background: Digital inequity refers to the inequality and exclusion experienced by those who lack the same opportunities or circumstances to support the development of digital skills as the rest of modern society. One rapidly growing and highly vulnerable group to digital inequity is older people attempting to reintegrate into society after release from prison, where technology access is limited. Inadequate support for digital skills in this population entails widespread consequences for public health, human rights, social welfare and recidivism. This qualitative study is the first to: examine digital inequity experienced by older people who have been incarcerated, understand the effects of this on reintegration to society, and begin informing appropriate solutions. Method: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with N=15 older people (mean age=57) who had been released from an Australian prison in the last two years, regarding their experiences of digital literacy since leaving prison. Reflexive thematic analysis was conducted under a critical realist lens. Results: The analysis resulted in six themes that illustrated the extent of digital inequity experienced by this population, and key challenges for improving digital literacy: surviving in a digital world, stranger in a foreign world, questioning the digital divide, overcoming your old self, dont like what you dont know, and seeking versus finding help. Conclusions: The digital inequity that older people experience during and after incarceration creates additional challenges for a growing group who are already medically and socially marginalised. Prioritisation of this group for digital literacy initiatives both during incarceration and in the community will have benefits for their health, social and financial reintegration. Their unique life experiences should be considered in designing and delivering these programs.
Background Optimal breastfeeding is critical for healthy growth. Despite this about 820,000 children and 20,000 women lost due to inappropriate breastfeeding each year globally. In Ethiopia, about 50,000 children lost related to malnutrition. Of these, about 18% of child death is contributed by poor breastfeeding habit. Many studies reported the individual-level factors; however, little is known about the determinants of breastfeeding at the hierarchical level. Therefore, this study aimed to identify factors associated with optimal breastfeeding among children age 0-5 month in Ethiopia using multilevel analysis.Methods A five-year representative survey study was conducted to assess the determinants of optimal breastfeeding among 1,087 children aged 0-5 months using the 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey data (EDHS). Both bivariate and multivariable multilevel logistic regression analysis were done to identify significant explanatory variables. Fixed effect and random effect were done to estimate the association between the dependent and explanatory variable and to measure the variation explained by the higher level respectively.Results Among the total of 1,087 children, only 45.4% of optimally breastfed. Children aged 4-5 months (AOR =0.19; 95%CI: 0.12-0.27), children from richest wealth index (AOR=2.87; 95% CI: 1.53- 5.43), children born through cesarean section and residing in Afar region were found significantly associated with optimal breastfeeding. The random-effects showed that the variation between communities was statistically significant.Conclusion Both individual and community level factors play a significant role in shaping optimal breastfeeding. Future strategies and health interventions should target individual and community level factors that enhance optimal breastfeeding.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.