Background: Cisplatin (CDDP) is an effective anticancer drug for Gastric cancer (GC) that induces apoptosis by altering pro-(p53) and anti-apoptotic (Akt and NFkB) proteins; however, chemoresistance remains a big challenge. Additional compounds with promising anticancer effects such as AKBA (Acetyl-keto-beta boswellic acid) may overcome the resistance. However, its role in CDDP-induced apoptosis in GC has not been studied. This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of AKBA on p53-mediated, CDDP-induced apoptosis in GC cells. AGS and NCI-N87 cells were treated with different concentrations (0, 25, 50, 100 μM) of CDDP and/or AKBA. Methods: P53, Akt and NFkB proteins and apoptosis were assessed by Western blot and flow cytometry. The role of p53 was determined by inhibiting its function via the siRNA approach. Results: The results revealed that CDDP and AKBA significantly increased p53 content in both cells, while Akt and NFkB were significantly decreased. Both compounds significantly induced apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. AKBA sensitized GC cells to CDDP-induced apoptosis by altering the protein expression. P53 downregulation affected Akt and NFkB proteins with a slight increase in apoptosis induction in the combination treated groups. Conclusions: Altogether, our findings suggest that AKBA enhances GC cell sensitivity to CDDP-induced apoptosis via the p53 pathway.
Asphalt pavement is form an integral part of any transportation system. Temperature is the significant factor that effect on the performance and life span of a pavement. This paper study the relationship between the air temperature and asphalt pavement temperature and using Excel in order to predicate surface asphalt pavement model for Muscat climate. The models were compared with the standard models SHRP and LTPP models [3]. The development models resulted the surface pavement temperature was taken more time in heating cycle than air temperature. When compared the air temperature and surface asphalt pavement temperature with the standards models SHRP and LTPP models. There was difference between them due to the standards models was design for low temperature under zero where in Muscat temperature cannot be under zero [2].
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