The results of a large-scale randomized controlled trial of Conjoint Behavioral Consultation (CBC) on student outcomes and teacher-parent relationships in rural schools are presented. CBC is an indirect service delivery model that addresses concerns shared by teachers and parents about students. In the present study, the intervention was aimed at promoting positive school-related social-behavioral skills and strengthening teacher-parent relationships in rural schools. Participants were 267 students in grades K-3, their parents, and 152 teachers in 45 Midwest rural schools. Results revealed that, on average, improvement among students whose parents and teachers experienced CBC significantly outpaced that of control students in their teacher-reported school problems and observational measures of their inappropriate (off-task and motor activity) and appropriate (on-task and social interactions) classroom behavior. In addition, teacher responses indicated significantly different rates of improvement in their relationship with parents in favor of the CBC group. Finally, the teacher-parent relationship was found to partially mediate effects of CBC on several student outcomes. Unique contributions of this study, implications of findings for rural students, study limitations and suggestions for future research are discussed.
ChaoRong, "The efficacy of conjoint behavioral consultation in the home setting: Outcomes and mechanisms in rural communities" (2017
AbstractThis study reports the results of a randomized controlled trial examining the effect of Conjoint Behavioral Consultation (CBC), a family-school partnership intervention, on children's behaviors, parents' skills, and parent-teacher relationships in rural community and town settings. Participants were 267 children, 267 parents, and 152 teachers in 45 Midwestern schools. Using an Intent to Treat approach and data analyzed within a multilevel modeling framework, CBC yielded promising results for some but not all outcomes. Specifically, children participating in CBC experienced decreases in daily reports of aggressiveness, noncompliance, and temper tantrums; and increases in parent-reported adaptive skills and social skills at a significantly greater pace than those in a control group. Other outcomes (e.g., parent reports of internalizing and externalizing behaviors) suggested a nonsignificant effect at post-test. CBC parents reported using more effective parenting strategies, gaining more competence in their problem-solving practices, and feeling more efficacious for helping their child succeed in school than parents in the control group. Parents participating in CBC also reported significant improvements in the parent-teacher relationship, and the parent-teacher relationship mediated the effect of CBC on children's adaptive skills. Implications for practice in rural communities, study limitations, and directions for future research are discussed.
Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) is a complication of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment and trauma, which occurs in approximately 10% following vitreoretinal surgery. The visual prognosis for established PVR is poor and so far there is no established conservative treatment for PVR. In the currently recruiting PRIVENT trial the aim is to find a prophylactic treatment possibility for PVR. The PRIVENT study examines the influence of intraoperative adjuvant pharmacotherapy on reducing the incidence of PVR; however, this requires the identification of eyes with increased risk for PVR. Laser flare photometry is a simple method to predict the individual risk for PVR. It is a non-invasive technique that objectifies the Tyndall effect. Various laser flare meter devices are available on the market. In previous studies it could be shown that laser flare photometry can predict the development of PVR in eyes with primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment with a sensitivity of 80%. The identification of these high-risk eyes for PVR could be the first step towards solving the problem of PVR.
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