Vulvovaginal candidiasis is the second cause of vaginal infection in the USA. Clinical treatment of C. albicans infections is routinely performed with polyenes and azole derivatives. However, these drugs are responsible for undesirable side effects and toxicity. In addition, C. albicans azole and echinocandin resistance has been described. Propolis is a bee product traditionally used due to its antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and other properties. Therefore, the present work aimed to evaluate different propolis presentations in order to evaluate their in vitro and in vivo efficacy. The methodologies involved antifungal evaluation, chemical analysis, and the effects of the rheological and mucoadhesive properties of propolis based gels. The obtained results demonstrated the fungicide action of propolis extracts against all three morphotypes (yeast, pseudohyphae, and hyphae) studied. The highest level of fungal cytotoxicity was reached at 6–8 hours of propolis cell incubation. Among the based gel formulations developed, the rheological and mucoadhesive results suggest that propolis based carbopol (CP1%) and chitosan gels were the most pseudoplastic ones. CP1% was the most mucoadhesive preparation, and all of them presented low thixotropy. Results of in vivo efficacy demonstrated that propolis based gels present antifungal action similar to clotrimazole cream, suggesting that future clinical studies should be performed.

Chamomile is a medicinal plant, which presents several biological effects, especially the anti-inflammatory effect. One of the compounds related to this effect is apigenin, a flavonoid that is mostly found in its glycosylated form, apigenin-7-glucoside (APG), in natural sources. However, the affectivity and safety of this glycoside have not been well explored for topical application. In this context, the aim of this work was to develop and validate a reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC-DAD) method to quantify APG in chamomile preparations. Additionally, the safety and the anti-inflammatory potential of this flavonoid were verified. The RP-HPLC-DAD method was developed and validated with linearity at 24.0–36.0 μg/mL range (r = 0.9994). Intra- and interday precision (RSD) were 0.27–2.66% and accuracy was 98.27–101.21%. The validated method was applied in the analysis of chamomile flower heads, glycolic extract, and Kamillen cream, supporting the method application in the quality control of chamomile preparations. Furthermore, the APG safety was assessed by MTT cytotoxicity assay and mutagenic protocols and the anti-inflammatory activity was confirmed by a diminished TNF-α production showed by mice macrophages treated with APG following LPS treatment.

ResumoObjetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi obter extratos por diferentes métodos de extração de Casearia sylvestris, incluindo a obtenção de óleo essencial, a fim de comparar suas atividades antimicrobianas em relação aos enxaguatórios bucais convencionais com clorexidina contra bactérias orais. Material e método: Para esta avaliação, extratos das folhas foram obtidos por diferentes métodos de extração (infusão, decocção, maceração e percolação) utilizando diferentes sistemas de solventes: 100% de água, 100%, de etanol, metanol 100%, água: etanol 3: 7; água: etanol 7: 3; água: metanol 7: 3 e água: metanol 3: 7. O óleo essencial, que corresponde a uma fração volátil, foi obtido por hidrodestilação usando o aparelho de Clevenger modificado. O método de microdiluição em caldo foi usado para determinar os valores de concentração inibitória mínima (MIC) e a concentração bactericida mínima (MBC) para os seguintes microrganismos: Streptococcus mutans ATCC 25175, ATCC 49456 S. mitis, S. sanguinis ATCC 10556, S. salivarius ATCC 25975, Lactobacillus casei ATCC 11578 e Enterococcus faecalis ATCC4082. Gluconato de clorexidina foi usada como um controle positivo. Resultado: Todos os extratos avaliados no protocolo utilizado apresentaram valores de MIC superior a 400 ug/mL e alguns mostraram atividade bactericida. A atividade antimicrobiana do óleo essencial foi maior do que a atividade dos extratos, e a melhor concentração inibitória mínima e valores de concentração bactericida mínima foram obtidos contra L. casei (MIC de 0,023 ug/mL e MBC de 0,046 ug/mL) e S. mutans (MIC de 25 ug/mL e MBC de 50 ug /mL), respectivamente. Conclusão: O óleo essencial de Casearia sylvestris tem atividade antimicrobiana significativa contra microrganismos orais.Descritores: Pesquisa de laboratório; cáries dentárias; microrganismos; fitoterapia. AbstractAim: The aim of this study was to obtain Casearia sylvestris leave extracts by different extractive methods, including the obtention of essential oil, in order to compare their antimicrobial activities to conventional mouthwash chlorhexidine against oral bacteria. Material and method: For this evaluation, extracts from the leaves were obtained by different methods of extraction (infusion, decoction, maceration and percolation) using different solvent systems: water 100%, ethanol 100%, methanol 100%, water: ethanol 3:7; water: ethanol 7:3; water: methanol 7:3 and water: methanol 3:7. The essential oil, which corresponds to a volatile fraction, was obtained by hydrodistillation using Clevenger modified apparatus. The microdilution broth method was used to determine the values of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) for the following microorganisms: Streptococcus mutans ATCC 25175, S. mitis ATCC 49456, S. sanguinis ATCC 10556, S. salivarius ATCC 25975, Lactobacillus casei ATCC 11578 and Enterococcus faecalis ATCC4082. Chlorhexidine gluconate was used as a positive control. Result: All extracts evaluated in the used protocol displayed MIC values higher t...

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The concern about therapies and procedures to improve patients' quality of life and adherence to the treatment has led some pharmaceutical companies to invest in educational programs. Since in the literature there are still few studies related to preventive and therapeutic education (mainly private ones), it is imperative that the overall care of this individual be performed. Studies have shown that the quality of life of these patients can be modified through their attitude, responses and action, of the professionals involved, caregivers and health policies, so that they have the possibility to develop abilities, skills and choices. The education programs are developed based on methodologies, techniques of approach and the concept of humanized care, with a simple, clear, objective and accessible language. This way, pharmaceutical care as health instructors enables the patient to the correct use of the prescribed medicines, which may reduce their adverse effects and increase their effectiveness, creating adherence to the treatment and better quality of life.

A todos aqueles que me apoiaram e acreditaram em mim quando mais precisei. E, quando faltaram forças ao meu coração para seguir, outros pequenos corações me emprestaram suas batidas para dar um passo adiante (Lucy, Filô, Maya, Jujuba e Niko). AGRADECIMENTOSAgradeço primeiramente à força divina que rege esse Universo e que é impossível de ser definida em apenas uma palavra.Aos meus anjos de duas e quatro patas, que sempre se fizeram presentes nos momentos de maior dificuldade e dor, e que muitos desconheço os nomes.Aos meus pais, que sempre lutaram muito para que pudessem me dar um futuro digno e de grande valia. Obrigada por me darem tantas oportunidades na vida para ser uma pessoa melhor.Aos meus cinco filhos de quatro patas: Lucy Marie, Filô, Maya, Jujuba e Niko. Agradeço eternamente por estarem na minha vida e a tornarem mais leve. Vocês me trazem uma sabedoria imensa de como viver e como ser feliz.Ao meu companheiro Sérgio, que esteve ao meu lado e me apoiou em todas as decisões que tomei e, com muito carinho, me auxiliou nessa grande jornada.À minha professora orientadora, que desde o começo aceitou me orientar e sempre esteve disponível para me ajudar com o que eu precisasse. Obrigada pela liberdade de trabalho que me concedeu.À farmacêutica Fabiana, que sempre esteve disponível para me ouvir, me dar feedbacks e me auxiliar com um sorriso e serenidade inconfundíveis.Ao professor Marco Andrey, por sempre, desde o começo, se mostrar solícito para me auxiliar em quaisquer necessidades, pelas trocas de conversas, reuniões e encontros de corredores. Obrigada por todo seu referencial.Aos colegas do ambulatório da Hanseníase, que me receberam de braços abertos e sempre apoiaram a pesquisa.Ao estatístico Cássio, pela imensa ajuda na análise de dados. Agradeço também à CAPES.RESUMO CAVALHEIRO, A. H. Análise dos impactos da intervenção farmacêutica no tratamento de pacientes com hanseníase em um hospital público universitário.

Background: Therapies and procedures to improve the quality of life of patients and adherence to treatment is a concern for the health systems and for health professionals. More studies related to preventive and therapeutic education, using educational technologies for health purposes are needed. Objectives: To demonstrate the educational instruments developed by the researcher, as animated videos and posts, as well as the pharmacotherapeutic monitoring of pharmaceutical care, increase the adherence to the treatment of patients diagnosed with leprosy in a high-complexity hospital. Methods: This is a longitudinal study, using quantitative and qualitative assessment tests to assess adherence to treatment and general knowledge about the disease and quality of life. From the data, educational materials were produced and tested on patients. Then, the impact of follow-up and instructional materials on treatment adherence was evaluated. Results: Treatment adherence increases after the intervention of pharmaceutical care and health education, as per the Morisky-Green treatment test. The methodology was more effective in male patients with low education than in women, who already had high adherence. In addition, it was possible to identify that the Morisky-Green and Haynes-Sackett adhesion tests, used in the work, completely differed in their results, they occur to reflect the use of such tools in research in the area. Conclusion: It is possible to increase patient treatment adherence through health education programs and pharmaceutical care.