Hippeastrum stapfianum (Kraenzl.) R.S.Oliveira & Dutilh (Amaryllidaceae) is an endemic plant species from the Brazilian savannah with biological and pharmacological potential. This study evaluated the effects of ethanol extract from H. stapfianum leaves on acetylcholinesterase enzyme activity and the action on nuclear receptors PPAR-α and PPAR-γ. A gene reporter assay was performed to assess the PPAR agonist or antagonist activity with a non-toxic dose of H. stapfianum ethanol extract. The antioxidant capacity was investigated using DPPH• scavenging and fosfomolybdenium reduction assays. The identification of H. stapfianum‘s chemical composition was performed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and HPLC. The ethanol extract of H. stapfianum activated PPAR-α and PPAR-γ selectively, inhibited the acetylcholinesterase enzyme, and presented antioxidant activity in an in vitro assay. The major compounds identified were lycorine, 7-demethoxy-9-O-methylhostasine, and rutin. Therefore, H. stapfianum is a potential source of drugs for Alzheimer’s disease due to its ability to activate PPAR receptors, acetylcholinesterase inhibition activity, and antioxidant attributes.
Amaryllidaceae include plant species that present alkaloids with analgesic, anti-cancer, anti-bacterial, anti-viral, anti-fungal and anti-malarial activities. Due to this pharmacological value, several species of this family have been widely studied and among them is White lilly, Crinum americanum. The objective of this work was to induce callogenesis on leaf explants of C. americanum cultivated in vitro for future production of alkaloids. Leaf explants were grown on a culture medium (solid) Murashige and Skoog (1962) supplemented with different concentrations and combinations of plant growth regulators, auxin 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and cytokinin 6-benzylaminopurine and their effect on callogenesis assessed for percentage oxidation and explants responsive to callus induction. Callus formation started 10 days after hormone inoculation, and within 30 days after inoculation the best callogenesis and callus biomass growth were observed in medium containing 2.5 mg L-1 of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and 10 mg L-1 of 6-benzylaminopurine. The lowest percentage of oxidation was observed on explants cultivated on medium containing 5 mg L-1 of 6-benzylaminopurine and 2.5 mg L-1 of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. The calli obtained were compact and embryogenic. This work contributes not only to future studies on in vitro callogenesis of this species, but also to a possible protocol for the production of alkaloids of interest from cell suspension cultures produced in vitro. This is the first report of callus formation in Crinum americanum explants.
OBJECTIVE: To describe the sociodemographic and clinical aspects of women with breast cancer treated at a hospital. METHODS: Documentary, descriptive and quantitative study, carried out in a referral hospital unit for the care of people with breast cancer, in Northeastern Brazil. 79 charts of women with breast cancer were analyzed. A form was used that included socio-demographic, clinical and health-related aspects. The data were submitted to descriptive analysis using the BioEstat 3.0 Program. RESULTS: Approximately 66% are in the 41 to 60 age group. Reproductive characteristics showed that 12.66% of women started menarche from the age of 10, 31 had at least one type of disease identified: hypertension 13 (56.5%), diabetes mellitus 7 (30.4%), allergy 5 (21.7%). Mastectomy was the most frequent surgery (63.2%). The empirical findings reported in this study showed that 30.4% had diabetes mellitus and 56% hypertension. Family history was determined to be an important risk factor for the development of breast cancer. CONCLUSION: The results can be subsidies for the development of larger studies related to the theme, which makes it possible to contribute to increase the visibility of public agencies and health services.
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