Background Ascariasis is one of the common intestinal infections in developing countries, including China. Migration of Ascaris lumbricoides into the gallbladder is rare, unlike ascariasis of the bile duct and when it does occur, treatment is generally by endoscopic or surgical extraction. Case presentation A 4-year-old Uyghur boy with a history of ascariasis developed intermittent upper abdominal pain for 7 days, was being treated by a local practitioner, and when the pain worsened with yellow sclera for 3 days, he was admitted to our hospital. On physical examination, found out the patient with yellowish skin tone, pale yellow fur on tongue, mild yellow staining of the sclera and tenderness in epigastrium. Laboratory data plus liver function test showed damage of liver function. Abdominal Ultrasonography (USG) and Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) showed a long, linear, echogenic structure in the gallbladder neck near to the common bile duct. Once the ascariasis diagnosis was established, he was given conservative treatment of magnesium sulfate with herbal medicine. In 4 days, the patient discharged Ascaris through the stool. Conclusions Conservative treatment of magnesium sulfate with Uyghur medicine treatment according to syndrome differentiation is proven to have curative effect.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical effect of Üstikuddus sherbiti (US), a traditional herbal prescription of Uyghur medicine, in the treatment of cold and dry-type major depression disorder (MDD) patients with comorbid anxiety. Methods: A total of 150 cold and dry-type depressive patients with comorbid anxiety were randomly divided into three groups of 50 patients; then they were, respectively, treated with US, modern medicine Fluoxetine, and the combination of Fluoxetine and US. The depression degrees of patients were evaluated zero and six weeks after the treatment based on the Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA), in the clinical study. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to detect significant differences at various time points or among the three groups. Statistical analysis was performed by SPSS version 21.0. Results: The main results are as follows: After taking the medicine, the depressive condition of patients with comorbid anxiety in the three groups was getting better with the passage of time; particularly, the clinical efficacy of US combined with Fluoxetine was significantly improved, indicating that the effect of combined treatment is better than treatment with pure Fluoxetine or pure US treatment. Statistical difference exists between the end time point within groups, but not among the three groups. Moreover, in the detection process of the patient’s physical indicators, no obvious side effects were found. These results together suggested that US can strengthen the curative effect of modern medicine in the treatment of depression, which would lay a foundation for studying the molecular mechanism and potential target of US. Conclusion: Fluoxetine and US combination therapy played a significant role in the treatment of depressive symptoms, suggesting that it can improve the curative effect of depression. The study provided a new way of thinking to clarify the US molecular mechanism for the treatment of depression and potential target.

Objective: To explore the personality characteristics of Traditional Uyghur Medicine (TUM) abnormal body fluid type major depressive disorder in patients and provide a theoretical basis for the clinical treatment and prevention of depression. Method: Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ) was used to test the 238 patients with depression, responses were compared with normal mode group, test results were obtained using SPSS 21.0 statistical software for data analysis, the two groups were compared using [Formula: see text]-test, variance analysis was used in the comparison, pairwise comparison was made with the LSD method and [Formula: see text] was found to be statistically significant. Results: The mental qualities namely Psychoticism/Socialization (P), Extroversion/Introversion (E), Neuroticism/Stability (N) and Lie/Social Desirability (L) of patients with depression were found to be higher than the normal mode group, and the difference was statistically significant; the scores of [Formula: see text]- and [Formula: see text]-scales were higher in the patients with abnormal cold and dry type depression than those in the normal group, compared with other abnormal body fluid type depressions. Conclusion: Research results indicate that abnormal body fluid and personality both play a role in the pathogenesis of depression. In particular, the personality characteristics of patients with abnormal cold and dry type body fluid play an important role in the occurence and development of depression.

Background Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, progressive disease of the lung. How to build a typical human mimicking animal model has been a challenge. Thus, to reveal the mechanism and to make it useful for IPF clinical treatment, a different type of mice model and inspection methods are used to evaluate which one is applicable for the study of IPF. Method 69 Twelve-weeks-old C57BL/6 mice were divided into 3 type groups (n = 7 for each control group, n = 8 for each BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis groups), as intraperitoneal injection, intratracheal administration, and intravenous administration of bleomycin (BLM) to initiate lung fibrosis. Changes of the lung function measured through mice Pulmonary function test (PFT). Morphological changes in mice were observed by PET/CT, Masson and Picro-Sirius staining, Transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Biochemical changes were tested by Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Elisa). Results PET/CT of BLM-receiving mice showed an increase in fibrotic consolidations and an increase in non-aerated lung area in BLM-treated mice compared with that in controls. TGF-b1, TNF-a, IL-6, GM-CSF in BALF and serum. PAI-1, HYP in the lung tissue of mice were significantly different in each BLM groups than those in the controls. The results of Masson staining in mice indicate that the lung tissues of all BLM received groups, the intratracheal groups, the intravenous groups, and the intraperitoneal groups have a higher degree of pulmonary septal thickening and collagen fiber consolidation compare to saline control. Picro-Sirius staining results are consistent with the results of Masson staining. Compared with the saline control group, the ratio of Col 1/Col 3 was significantly increased in each BLM group. TEM results found that in BLM group, type I alveolar epithelial cells were degenerated. Exfoliated endothelial cells were swelling, and type II alveolar epithelial cells were proliferated, the shape of the nucleus was irregular, and some tooth-like protrusions were seen. Conclusions With three different methods of animal model construction, high dose of each show more compliable, and BLM can successfully induce animal models of pulmonary fibrosis, however, certain differences in the fibrosis formation sites of them three, and tail vein injection of BLM induced PF model is closer to the idiopathic pulmonary interstitial fibrosis.

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Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, but a progressive disease of the lung. The method of constructing an animal model is the groundwork for this consecutive research. How to build a typical human mimicking animal model remains challenging. Thus, to reveal the mechanism and to make it useful for IPF clinical treatment, this study aimed to use a different type of IPF mice model and use several inspection methods to evaluate which one is more applicable for the study of IPF. Twelve-week-old C57BL/6 mice were divided into 3 type groups, as intraperitoneal injection, intratracheal administration, and intravenous administration of bleomycin (BLM) to initiate lung fibrosis. Lung PET/CT of BLM-receiving mice showed an increase in fibrotic consolidations compared with that of saline control mice. CT quantification showed an increase in mean lung density in BLM-treated mice compare with that of saline controls. TGF-1, TNF-, IL-6, GM-CSF in BALF(Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid) and serum.PAI-1, HYP in the lung tissue of mice were significantly different in each BLM groups than those in the saline control group. The results of Masson staining in mice indicate that the lung tissues of the tracheal perfusion group, the intravenous injection group, and the intraperitoneal injection group have a higher degree of pulmonary septal thickening and collagen fiber consolidation. The intratracheal group is more advanced than the other groups. Picro-Sirius red staining results are consistent with the results of Masson staining. Compared with the saline control group, the ratio of Col 1/Col 3 was significantly increased in each BLM group. TEM results found that in BLM group, type I alveolar epithelial cells were degenerated and disintegrated, exfoliated endothelial cells were swelling, type II alveolar epithelial cells were proliferated, abundant microvilli were on the free surface of the cell, vacuolar degenerated in the intracellular lamellar bodies, the shape of the nucleus was irregular, and some tooth-like protrusions were seen. Based on the comparison of three different methods of animal model construction, high dose of each shows more compliable, and BLM can successfully induce animal models of pulmonary fibrosis, however, there are certain differences in the fibrosis formation sites of them three, and tail vein injection of BLM induced pulmonary fibrosis model is closer to the idiopathic pulmonary interstitial fibrosis.

Objective: Race and ethnicity may impact the prevalence and severity of Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) in adults and children. In this study, we aim to investigate the ethnologic influence on OSA severity between Han and Uyghur OSA patients in Xinjiang, China. Methods: We enrolled total of 382 (205 Han and 177 Uyghur) patients diagnosed with OSA with apnea/hypopnea index (AHI) or respiratory disturbance index (RDI) [Formula: see text] 5. During admission, the severity of OSA was evaluated by polysomnography (PSG). Results: From demographic characteristics of enrolled patients, we found that there was no significant difference in sex, age, BMI, and neck circumference between two study populations. Uyghur OSA patients had longer sleep latency, longer REM sleep and N3 stage, but shorter N1 phase than Han OSA patients. AHI and apnea RDI level, but not hypopnea RDI, were evidently higher in Han patients compared with Uyghur patients. There was no distinctive difference between two ethnic populations in average and minimum peripheral capillary oxygen saturation (SaO2) level. Conclusion: Better understanding of impact factors encompassing ethnicity may help improve OSA diagnosis accuracy, management and treatment for patients in Xinjiang.

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