The presence of suspended and colloidal particles in water can cause turbidity. To reduce the turbidity, coagulation-flocculation process is commonly used. In this process, the colloidal particle is converted into flocs which is easily separated from water with the aid of coagulant. One of the natural coagulants that have been studied as water purifier is Moringa oleifera seeds. This research aims to reduce turbidity of kaolin synthetic wastewater through coagulation-flocculation process using Moringa oleifera seeds that have been extracted with NaCl 1 M. The variables used in this study were wastewater pH (3, 6, 10, and 12) and coagulant dosage (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 mL/L). Coagulation-flocculation was taken place in Jar Test with rapid stirring 150 rpm in 2 minutes, followed by slow stirring 30 rpm in 30 minutes, and sedimentation for 30 minutes. Then, the water was analyzed using Turbidimeter. The results showed that coagulant dosage and pH affected the effectiveness of coagulation in decreasing turbidity. The optimum dosage of extracted Moringa oleifera seeds coagulant in coagulation of kaolin synthetic wastewater at pH 3
Since the IELTS test demands high English proficiency, it has become a challenge for Indonesian learners who are non-native English speakers. IELTS requires a thorough knowledge of English grammar to make the test takers able to gain high scores. The test-takers, who are mostly graduate students from various backgrounds, frequently join IELTS preparation classes. The previous research mainly focused on how teaching grammar is essential for students who want to take IELTS. Yet, the research about developing the syllabus for IELTS preparation classes has not been discussed much in Indonesia, making the information limited. Therefore, developing the syllabus for IELTS-based grammar is critically important since it assists the teacher in fulfilling students’ expectations and increases the student’s understanding of mastering English language skills. The current study aims at developing an IELTS-based syllabus for grammar to equip both students and teachers. The study adopted the developmental research proposed by Borg and Gall (2003). The syllabus was designed based on environment and need analysis obtained through interviews, placement tests, IELTS simulations, and questionnaires. The outcome is a three-part syllabus equipped with various learning activities to motivate and facilitate students to improve their grammar and ability to achieve higher IELTS scores.
Di era globalisasi, pendidikan bilingual (Indonesia-Inggris) yang digalakkan di beberapa sekolah membuat intensitas penggunaan bahasa daerah sebagai bahasa ibu menurun. Hal ini mengakibatkan bahasa daerah berada pada level kritis. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan pengaruh pendidikan bilingual terhadap perkembangan diksi, tata bahasa, dan pelafalan ujaran bahasa daerah siswa pendidikan bilingual. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan metode percakapan. Adapun instrumen dalam penelitian ini adalah peneliti dibantu dengan lembar observasi. Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa dalam tataran diksi muncul peristiwa campur kode dalam bahasa daerah, bahasa Indonesia, dan bahasa Inggris. Dalam tataran tata bahasa, susunan kalimat dalam bahasa Jawa, Indonesia, dan Inggris saling tertukar. Di sisi lain, dalam tataran pelafalan, siswa mengalami kendala pembelajaran fonem dalam bahasa daerah yang berupa penggantian fonem dan senyapan. Adapun faktor penyebab terjadinya hal tersebut adalah adanya keakraban antarpenutur, tingginya intensitas penggunaan bahasa Indonesia dan bahasa Inggris, serta penguasaan bahasa daerah yang masih terbatas.
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