Harvesting date and storage period has considerable influence on wheat seed quality as measured by germination ability under favorable and stress conditions and seedling vigor as well. Tow field experiments were conducted at Tag El-Eiz Experiment Station, Agriculture Research Center during 2005/2006 and 2006/2007 seasons, while storage studies and viability tests were conducted at Giza seed Technology Lab. under common conditions from June 2006 till December 2008.The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of three harvesting dates i.e, 60, 70 and 80 days after 50% heading and four storage periods i. e. 0, 6, 12 and 18 months on wheat seed quality. The results revealed that early harvesting (60 days after 50% heading) reduced seed germinablity under optimal and stress conditions, seedling vigor and seed electrical conductivity. Meanwhile, seed harvested after 70 and 80 days after 50% heading had high viability so that the differences in quality measurements were insignificant. The results revealed also that prolonging storage periods cause deterioration in seed quality and it was more obvious in earlier harvested seeds and those had high moisture content. Moreover, the variation in seed moisture content at harvesting time and during storage was related with the degree of seed deterioration. A combination of quality traits or lab. Testes are more useful than evaluation of one trait by single test. The results suggested harvesting wheat seeds (c.v. Giza 168) after 70 days from mentoring 50% heading or with about 14 % moisture content and storage for 12 month under open-air storage in order to have seed germination above the standard of wheat certified seed (85%).
This experiment was conducted at the laboratory of Seed Technology Sakha Agricultural Research Station, Kafr EL-Sheikh, Egypt, during the period between 2018 and 2019 seasons. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of packages types and some treatments on wheat seed during storage. The experiment was designed in factorial experiment in completely randomized design with four replicates. The samples were treated with the recommended dose of malathion, recommended rate of phosphine, the powders and extracts of each of (ficus, camphor, clove), the powder of copper nanoparticles and untreated seed as a control treatment. Treated seed were stored in different packages (Jute, Plastic and Polyethylene) for 18 months. The most important results can be summarized as follows: Increasing storage periods of wheat seed up to 18 months significantly affected storage efficacy, vitality and quality of wheat seed. The best results of storage efficacy of wheat recorded when seed stored in polyethylene packages, followed by seed stored in jute packages and lastly stored in plastic packages. Seed treated with copper nanoparticles were the best in germination percentage, electrical conductivity, acidity, protein percentage, carbohydrate percentage, relative density and 1000-seed weight. While treatment with malathion was the best in acidity, relative density, 1000- seed weight and insect infestation percentage. As for phosphine, it was the best in moisture percentage, insect infestation percentage and weight loss percentage. This study recommended that treated seed with copper nanoparticles before storage and stored it in polyethylene packages under the environmental conditions of the experiment in Sakha, Kafr EL-Sheikh, Egypt.
during the period between 2018 and 2019 seasons, to evaluate the effect of packaging materials and pre-storage treatments on viability of wheat seed. The experimental design was a split-plot design with four replications. Seed samples were treated with malathion, phosphine, ficus powder and extract, clove powder and extract, camphor powder and extract and cupper nano-particles powder. Treated seeds were stored under open storage conditions for six months in Jute, Plastic and Polyethylene packages. The results revealed that, the type of package and treatments could provide special protection against seed deterioration namely; seed germination and seedling characters. The malathion and phosphine treatments could save the stored seed from the damage caused by insects, while cupper nano-particles treatment had a positive effect of controlling seed deterioration (germination capacity and seedling vigor). On the other hand, an experiment including similar treatments of the current research might be done to examine deteriorations which might take place to seeds stored for longer time (18 month).
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