A new inorganic/sugar beet pulp composite that can be used as anion exchanger material was prepared from sugar beet pulp (SBP) after loading with zirconium (IV) ions. The prepared anion exchanger material was examined for its ability to remove sulfate and nitrate anions from water. The effect of contact time, anions concentration, temperature, and pH on the adsorption capacity of Zr(IV)-loaded SBP was studied. The maximum adsorption capacity of Zr(IV)-loaded SBP was about 114 mg/g and 63 mg/g for sulfate and nitrate, respectively.In addition, the effect of the regeneration of the Zr-loaded SBP after anion removal has been studied. The results of anions adsorption test and EDX-SEM showed that zirconium ions are strongly bound to the carboxylate groups of SBP constituents, especially pectins, and are not leached as a result of regeneration.
Cysticercosis by Taenia solium is an important disease caused by the presence of larval stage in swine and human, can produce several clinical manifestation including death. In MCxico 10% of medical attention in neurological disease is because cysticercosis. The lack of economical resources and poor hygiene in the communities, difficult the implantation of preventive methods. However molecules capable to induce protection against helminths have been proposed, for example, the Glutathione S-Transferase (GST), the Triose phosphate isomerase (TPI) and the Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH). These enzymes are vaccine candidates against schistosomiosis. The aim of this study is the partial characterization of TPI and G A P D H of Taenia solium for future use in vaccination assays. cDNA clones of TPI and G A P D H isolated from a library, encodes a protein of 250 and 336 amino acids respectively. Amino acids sequences have a strong homology with others reported enzymes. The Taenia TPI had conserved catalytic site amino acids and astructure characteristic of this enxymes with 8 domains alpha-beta. The cDNAs coding to the enzymes were cloned into the expression vector pRSET to produce the recombinant enzymes. The recombinant TPI and G A P D H shown a molecular mass of 27 kDa and 35 kDa respectively determined by SDS-PAGE. The recombinant TPI has catalytic activity and preliminary vaccination assays with this enzyme promoted 55% of parasite reduction in a cysticercosis murine model.
Non-wood raw materials are an essential fiber source in regions where forest resources are limited. Therefore, chemi-mechanical high-yield bagasse pulp was prepared and then bleached with a dithionite bleaching agent. One- and two-stage bleaching of the pulp was carried out by using sodium dithionite (Y) as a sole bleaching agent, or after bleaching with hydrogen peroxide to achieve high brightness for the prepared pulp. Different parameters, such as consistency, concentration, temperature, time and pH were investigated. The effect of various additives, such as diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) as chelating agent or Zn compounds and hexamethylenetetramine to stabilize the bleaching solution, was studied. The effect of dissolved oxygen in liquor was also considered.
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