In an attempt to analyze polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in diesel contaminated underground water in Oman (Rustaq), Gas chromatography-Mass spectrometry was first used to determine the different concentrations in a standard mixture containing 16 PAHs. Retention time and calibration curves were obtained for all aromatic compounds and were used to identify a given analyte as well as its concentration in the contaminated underground water. Micellar enhanced ultrafiltration (MEUF) was then used to treat standard aqueous solution of PAHs at low concentration (~ 1 ppb) using an edible nonionic surfactant (Tween 80). The totality of the mixture components was completely rejected. Within the experimental detection limit (± 0.01 ppb), the residual PAH concentrations were less than 0.01 ppb in accord with the allowed concentrations in drinking water. Likewise, excellent rejections of PAHs in MEUF treatment of diesel contaminated underground water at an Omani site (Rustaq) were observed. The concentration of PAHs was reduced to less than 0.01 ppb, the accepted limit for the most toxic member of the PAH group (benzo(a)pyrene).
A new member of the pyrazoline family, 3‐naphthyl‐1‐(4‐trifluoromethyl)‐5‐(4‐carboxy phenyl)‐2‐pyrazoline has been evaluated as a precolumn derivatization reagent for the analysis of primary alcohols using HPLC. The simultaneous separation of eight alcohol derivatives (C1–C8) within 15 min was achieved on a reverse‐phase C8 column with an isocratic elution mode. The derivatives were detected with fluorescence at an emission wavelength of 470 nm when excited at 360 nm. The identification of the corresponding derivatives was carried out by LC–MS/MS and all showed their characteristic parent peak in negative ion mode. The proposed method was validated using normal analytical tools and was found to be excellent. As a preliminary application, our method was used to determine ethanol concentration in alcohol‐containing chocolates and cough syrup.
Objectives:
Pulmonary hemorrhage (PH) is a serious complication posthematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT). In view of limited available pediatric data, we performed a retrospective study to describe epidemiology, management, and outcomes of PH post-HSCT in children in our national center.
Design:
Retrospective study.
Setting:
Academic children’s hospital (2000–2015).
Subjects:
Children (< 18 yr) with PH and requiring PICU care post-HSCT.
Interventions:
None.
Measurements and Main Results:
The historical prevalence of PH in our center was 2.7% (31/1,148). Twenty patients had a concomitant infection, 15 had bacterial infection, 8 had viral infection, and 3 patients had a fungal infection. With a median follow-up time of 60 months, 7 of 31 patients were alive. Early PH (< 40 d post-HSCT) was associated with improved survival (6/15 vs 1/16, p = 0.035). Patients who received high-dose pulsed corticosteroid had improved survival when compared with those who did not (7/22 vs 0/9, p = 0.0012); this also applied to the subgroup of patients with a concomitant infection (5/15 vs 0, p = 0.001). None of the patients who survived had measurable respiratory sequelae.
Conclusions:
PH is a rare but serious complication after HSCT. Corticosteroids were associated with improved survival even in patients with a concomitant infection.
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