The 5-hydroxy-3,6,7,3',4'-pentamethoxyflavone (artemetin) from Cordia verbenacea DC (Boraginaceae) showed marked anti-inflammatory activity using various experimental models in rats. Artemetin significantly inhibited carrageenin-induced paw edema following oral doses from 30.4 to 153.9 mg.kg1. The doses of 102.6 and 153.9 mg.kg1 showed an inhibitory effect similar to that of 50.0 mg.kg1 of calcium phenylbutazone. The ED50 value of artemetin in rats was estimated to be 67.07 mg.kgt. Repeated administration of artemetin at doses of 67.07 mg.kg1 for a 6-day period reduced granuloma formation with a response comparable to that of 20.0 mg.kg1 of calcium phenylbutazone. This same dose of artemetin also reduced the vascular permeability to intracutaneous histamine. Sub-acute toxicological experiments indicated a very low toxicity.

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Anti-inflammatory effects and toxicity of lyophilized extracts of the leaves of Cordia verbenacea DC (Boraginaceae) were investigated through various experimental models in rats. The crude drug significantly inhibited the carrageenin-induced edema proportionally to doses ranging from 0.59 to 2.98 mg/kg. Repeated administration of the extract at doses of 1.24 mg/kg for 6-d period similarly reduced the granuloma formation. This response appears identical to the one from calcium phenylbutazone. The same dose of the crude extract reduced the vascular permeability response to histamine. Toxicological experiments indicated a very low toxicity, confirmed by sub-acute tests, the LD50 value (LD50 = 131.6 mg/kg) being 100 times that of the ED50 (ED50 = 1.24 mg/kg).

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