Efisiensi modul sel surya (sel fotovoltaik) masih rendah, tergantung pada radiasi matahari dan suhu modul fotovoltaik. Oleh karena itu diperlukan suatu teknologi untuk mengoptimalkan daya keluaran modul fotovoltaik (PV) yang biasa disebut dengan teknologi maximum power point tracking (MPPT). Di antara semua strategi MPPT, distraction (P&O) adalah teknik yang mudah digunakan. Untuk menggunakan teknologi MPPT, diperlukan konverter DC-DC. Penelitian ini mengusulkan beberapa konverter DC-DC, seperti buck converter, boost, buck-boost, cuk dan sepic untuk mendapatkan titik daya maksimum (MPP) dari modul PV yang berdiri sendiri. Uji perubahan radiasi matahari digunakan untuk mengevaluasi daya keluaran PV. Tercatat beberapa perbandingan, seperti tegangan terbaik untuk masing-masing konverter DC-DC, riak yang dihasilkan dan daya keluaran terbaik, melalui penelitian simulasi, evaluasi, perbandingan kinerja dan karakteristik masing-masing konverter DC-DC. Perangkat lunak PSIM digunakan untuk mensimulasikan sistem.
Maintaining the quality of transportation services and reducing operational costs are some of the problems in shipping companies. This problem can be solved by several solutions. One of them is a reliable machine alarm monitoring and operation system. This study aims to provide a practical design of the ship's auxiliary engine start-stop control system and alarm system. This study uses an experimental method with a descriptive explanation of the observations. The test results show that this system is able to provide a simple, inexpensive, and efficient engine alarm system design to develop this technology for shipping companies. The PLC used is suitable for controlling this system because of its fast response. In addition, the utilized HMI can communicate efficiently with the monitoring system showing the machine parameter interface directly. Direct application of the system has been created provides technology development solutions for monitoring and controlling systems auxiliary machines for shipping companies to reduce operational cost
People want energy to satisfy their each day needs. However, maximum of those energy customers are now no longer aware that using an electric powered load is too large, which regularly reasons disturbances. In coping with overload disturbances withinside the family sector, MCB is used as a protection tool. The running precept of the MCB continues to be the usage of magnetic, so it's far less effective. When disconnecting the cutting-edge because of overload, the MCB will experience a touch overdue, which could reason sparks and a hearthplace withinside the family. Therefore, on this look at a cutting-edge sensor protection circuit is designed to update the MCB. This circuit can show the cutting-edge cost at the LCD and restriction the overcurrent to a restriction of three amperes. The overload safety machine constructed from the ACS712ELC-5A cutting-edge sensor can come across currents among 0A and 5A. So, to reduce off the cutting-edge, a 12V relay is used. When trying out a ready-made machine, this protection tool can study currents withinside the variety 0A to 3A, with median studying mistakes of 0.65%. If the burden is better than 3A, the machine also can reduce the cutting-edge.
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