Johann Sebastian Bach was born on March 21, 1685 in Eisenach, Germany into a family of highly talented musicians. His father, Johann Ambrosius Bach, was the Duke of Eisenach's court trumpeter and taught him to play the violin and the harpsichord early. His uncle, Johann Christoph Bach, organist at St. George's Lutheran Church in Eisenach and the father of five musically gifted sons, taught him to play the organ. Music was thus a highly significant part of the Bachs' family life.
This renowned philosopher scientist was born in about 1214 and died in about 1292. He obtained his higher education at Paris and Oxford. Later, he lectured on Aristotle at Oxford, and between c.1237 and c.1247 he served as an arts lecturer at the University in Paris, then the apex of European universities. Between about 1247 and 1257 he returned Oxford, and from about 1257 (when he became a Franciscan friar) to about 1270 he was in Paris again. From about 1270 to his death, sometime after 1292, he returned to Oxford.
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