El modelo biomédico occidental ha sido ampliamente retratado en el cine y las series televisivas. El artículo busca poner ejemplos de modelos terapéuticos alternativos al biomédico que aún tienen mucha presencia en culturas no occidentales, combinándose a menudo con el modelo biomédico y que no han sido tan reflejados en el cine. Ponemos ejemplos de dos películas del director tailandés Apichatpong Weerasethakul, Syndromes and a Century (Sang Sattawat, 2006) y Cemetery of Splendor (Rak Ti Khon Kaen, 2015). Estas películas nos muestran cómo en la región tailandesa de Isan se combina el modelo biomédico, de origen occidental pero ya plenamente asentado en el país, con técnicas meditativas y prácticas mágicas influidas por el budismo theravada y el animismo de origen laosiano practicados en la región.
L’article prend appui sur les théories dites « de la complexité » et sur les tentatives d’application de celles-ci à la sociologie. Il compare les perspectives théoriques d’Edgar Morin et du sociologue espagnol Jesús Ibáñez, qui se réclament du « paradigme de la complexité », en analysant leurs convergences et divergences, en vue de l’élaboration d’une « sociologie complexe ». A partir d’une approche comparative, l’article propose des pistes et des orientations possibles pour la construction d’une « science sociale complexe » qui intégrerait une ontologie, une épistémologie et une éthique, et qui devrait également s’ouvrir, sans perdre un esprit critique, aux modélisations contemporaines de la complexité au moyen de techniques de recherche telles que la simulation multiagents.The article belongs to the so-called "theories of complexity" and to the attempts to apply them to sociology. It compares the theoretical points of view of Edgar Morin and of the Spanish sociologist Jesús Ibáñez, which belong to the "paradigm of complexity", analyzing their confluences and divergences, seeking the development of a "complex sociology". Starting from a comparative approach, the article suggests some possible keys and orientations to build a "complex social science", which integrates ontology, epistemology, and ethics, seeking also to open, with a critical thinking, to current complexity modellings, such as agent-based modelling and simulation
Since the foundation of the Santa Fe Institute, the new science of complex adaptive systems (CAS) has seen extraordinary development, breaking with previous, more epistemological, trends in complexity theory. This article makes a critique of CAS as a model of the current global complexity. Its basic model, the cellular automaton, which focuses on the interactive dynamics among components, ignores the nature of any complex system as constructed by the observer/actor and is unable to explain the sociohistorical construction of the agents/subjects (analyzed by Foucault) and the social structure in which they are located (analyzed by Bourdieu), thus being unable to accurately represent the overall social complexity.
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