This article studies the semantic structure of verbs of thinking in the systems of the Russian and Tatar languages. The purpose of the study is to detect homogeneous / heterogeneous phenomena in the systems of Russian and Tatar verbs. Verbs of mental activity are characterized by common semantics. Both in the Russian and Tatar languages all structural elements correlate with the concept of thinking. In Russian and Tatar, verbs of mental activity include subgroups with the meaning of 'mental process', 'supposition', 'knowledge', 'comprehension', 'memory' and verbs of mental activity that denote various properties and states. The semantics of the verbs that make up these subgroups in one language can be correlated with the semantics of their equivalents in the other. The similarities in the semantic structures of verbs of thinking in the Russian and Tatar languages make it possible to more clearly see the differences and heterogeneous features, indicating the specific character of native speakers' national mentality. Quite a number of divergences in the semantic structure of the Russian and Tatar languages are due to the differences in their lexical and derivational systems; however, certain correlations can be found among significant semantic oppositions. All of the aforesaid suggests the need for special teaching materials to be used in the course of studying Russian and Tatar as non-native languages.
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