This study aimed to evaluate the emergence, growth, biomass accumulation and tolerance of peanut genotypes under salt stress. The experiment was conducted in a protected environment (greenhouse), evaluating six peanut genotypes (Tatuí, L7151, Caiapó, IAC8112, IAC881 and Havana), which were subjected to two levels of irrigation water salinity (0.5 [control] and 3.5 dS m-1), arranged in a 6 x 2 factorial scheme, in a randomized block design, with five repetitions, with two plants per plot. Plants were cultivated for 30 days after sowing in lysimeters with capacity for 0.5 dm3, filled with a mixture of non-saline, non-sodic soil and commercial substrate in 1:1 proportion on volume basis. During this period, plants were evaluated for emergence, growth, biomass accumulation, tolerance to salinity and dissimilarity. The genotypes Tatuí and L7151 are the most sensitive to salt stress in the emergence stage. Irrigation with high-salinity water reduced the growth and biomass accumulation of the peanut genotypes, and Caiapó and IAC8112 were the least affected. The classification of salinity tolerance had the following sequence: Caiapó > IAC8112 > Havana > Tatuí > IAC881 > L7151.

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A agricultura orgânica está cada vez mais crescente e, neste modelo agrícola o uso de biofertilizantes tem se tornado uma alternativa viável economicamente e ambiental, substituindo assim, o uso de fertilizantes minerais. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o crescimento inicial do meloeiro (Cucumis melo L.) cv. Gold Mine submetido a diferentes doses de biofertilizantes em cultivo orgânico. Os tratamentos foram obtidos a partir da diluição do biofertilizante I e biofertilizante II em água, sendo que a primeira diluição foi obtida através do volume de 2,5 L de biofertilizante e 2,5 L de água, totalizando 5 L da solução. A partir desta solução, os biofertilizantes foram diluídos em diferentes proporções: proporção de 5% (300 mL do bio + 2,7 L de água); 10% (600 mL do bio + 2,4 L de água); 15% (900 mL do bio + 2,1 L de água); 20% (1200 mL do bio + 1,8 L de água); 25% (1500 mL do bio + 1,5 L de água); que foram aplicados via solo semanalmente. As variáveis avaliadas foram: diâmetro do caule, comprimento do ramo, número de folhas, clorofila (a e b) e área foliar. Para os resultados obtidos verificaram que a cultura do meloeiro apresentou resposta positiva ao uso do biofertilizante II em todas as variáveis analisadas, recomendando a dosagem de 15% do produto.

The large variation in the response of sunflower to nitrogen fertilization indicates the need for studies to better adjust the optimum levels of this nutrient for production conditions. Our objectives were to analyze the agronomic yield of sunflower cultivars as a function of nitrogen fertilization; indicate the cultivar with high nitrogen use efficiency; and measure the adequate N dose for sunflower through nutritional efficiency. The completely randomized block design with split plots was used to conduct the experiments. The treatments included five nitrogen rates being allocated in the plots and the four sunflower cultivars. To estimate the nutrient use efficiency in the sunflower, we measured agronomic efficiency (AE), physiological efficiency (PE), agrophysiological efficiency (APE), apparent recovery efficiency (ARE), and utilization efficiency (UE). The results indicate that all cultivars had a reduction in AE due to the increase in N doses in the first crop. For PE, the highest values were observed for Altis 99 during the 2016 harvest. In that same harvest, Altis 99 had the highest APE. The dose of 30 kg ha−1 provided greater ARE for all cultivars in both crops, with greater emphasis on BRS 122 and Altis 99. The cultivation of cultivars Altis 99 and Multissol at a dose of 30 kg ha−1 in is recommended semiarid regions.

Sweet potato constitutes a source of energy and nutrient which is very important economically, especially, for the poorest people in the world, supplies calories, vitamins and minerals in the diet. The determination of the harvest age has great influence on vegetative production, quality, productivity and root biomass. The planting season is determined by climatic elements, which have influence on the growth, development and crop productivity. The objective of this paper was to evaluate the agronomic performance of sweet potato cultivars, as a function of the age of harvest in two growing seasons. Two experiments were conducted, the first in the rainy season and the second in the dry season in semiarid Brazil. In both experiments, the experimental design was a randomized block with split plots with four replications, being the plot formed by three cultivars (ESAM 1, Paraná and Mãe de Família), and the subplot by 5 harvest times (90, 105, 120, 135 and 150 days after planting). The length and diameter of commercial roots, dry mass of roots and shoots, and fitomass production were determined. The diameter, total dry mass of roots, commercial and total productivities of roots showed increasing responses with increasing harvest age in both crop growing seasons. The Paraná cultivar showed the best productive performance among cultivars. The harvest age of 150 days after planting was more productive. The best time of cultivation was in the dry season. Considering the importance of sweet potatoes, further studies are recommended in order to solve some problems related to adaptability and cultural reproduction in other regions to elucidate the effects of harvesting ages and growing seasons at longer intervals.

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The use of spontaneous species of the Caatinga biome can contribute significantly to the nutritional demand of vegetable crops, thereby providing an agroecological and sustainable form of production. The objective of this research was to determine the effects of different biomasses of Calotropis procera (rooster tree) and times of incorporation into the soil of green manure during two growing seasons on the agronomic performance of coriander cv. Verdão produced in Serra Talhada, a semi-arid region of Pernambuco, Brazil. The experimental design was randomized blocks with three replications. The treatments were arranged in a 4 x 4 factorial scheme, with the first factor consisting of biomass amounts of C. procera (5.4, 8.8, 12.2 and 15.6 t ha -1 on a dry basis) and the second by the incorporation times into the soil (0, 10, 20 and 30 days before coriander planting). The evaluated characteristics were plant height, number of stems per plant, yield of green mass and dry mass of shoot. The best productive performance of coriander was observed in amounts of 12.2 (spring) and 8.8 (autumn-winter) t ha -1 C. procera added to the soil, with an ideal incorporation time of 13 (spring) and 23 (autumn-winter) days before sowing of the crop and with larger accumulations of green and dry mass of the shoot being obtained in autumn-winter.Index terms: Coriandrum sativum L.; organic cultivation; rooster tree. RESUMOO uso de espécies espontâneas do bioma Caatinga pode contribuir de forma significativa no suprimento nutricional demandado pelas hortaliças, sendo uma forma agroecológica e sustentável de produção. O objetivo da pesquisa foi determinar os efeitos de quantidades de biomassa de Calotropis procera (flor-de-seda), de tempos de incorporação ao solo do adubo verde e de duas épocas de cultivo sobre o desempenho agronômico do coentro cv. Verdão produzido em Serra Talhada, semiárido de Pernambuco, Brasil. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados, com três repetições. Os tratamentos foram arranjados em esquema fatorial 4 x 4, com o primeiro fator constituído por quantidades de biomassa de C. procera (5,4; 8,8; 12,2 e 15,6 t ha -1 em base seca), e o segundo pelos tempos de incorporação ao solo (0, 10, 20 e 30 dias antes do plantio do coentro). As características avaliadas foram altura de plantas, número de hastes por planta, rendimento de massa verde e massa seca da parte aérea. O melhor desempenho produtivo do coentro foi observado nas quantidades 12,2 (primavera) e 8,8 (outono-inverno) t ha -1 de C. procera adicionada ao solo, com um tempo ideal de incorporação de 13 (primavera) e 23 (outono-inverno) dias antes da semeadura da cultura e com maiores acúmulos de massas verde e seca da parte aérea sendo obtidos no outono-inverno.Termos para indexação: Coriandrum sativum L.; cultivo orgânico; flor-de-seda.