The use of the 4-subdomain structure for SNOT-22 (reflecting sleep, nasal, otologic/facial pain, and emotional symptoms of CRS) was validated as the most appropriate to calculate SNOT-22 subdomain scores for patients from different geographic regions using CFA.

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Background Coronavirus disease COVID-has significantly impacted endonasal surgery and recent experimentation has demonstrated that sinonasal drilling and cautery have significant propensity for airborne particulate generation immediately adjacent to the surgical field In the present investigation we assessed nasopharyngeal suctioning as a mitigation strategy to decrease particulate spread during simulated endonasal surgical activity Methods Airborne particulate generation in the-μm toμm range was quantified with an optical particle sizer in realtime during cadaveric-simulated anterior and posterior endonasal drilling and cautery conditions To test suction mitigation experiments were performed both with and without a rigid suction placed in the contralateral nostril terminating in the nasopharynx Results Both anterior medial maxillary wall and nasal septum and posterior sphenoid rostrum drilling produced significant particulate generation in the-μm to-μm range throughout the duration of drilling p < without the use of suction whereas nasopharyngeal suction use eliminated the detection of generated airborne particulate A similar effect was seen with nasal cautery with significant particle generation p < that was reduced to undetectable levels with the use of nasopharyngeal suction Conclusion The use of nasopharyngeal suctioning via the contralateral nostril minimizes airborne particulate spread during simulated sinonasal drilling and cautery In the era of COVID-this technique offers an immediately available measure that may increase surgical safety © 2020 ARS-AAOA, LLC.

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We report three children from two inbred Arab families with Stüve-Wiedemann syndrome who have survived the first year of life (ages are 6 years, 2.8 years and 2 years). All exhibited a characteristic phenotype resembling that described by Chen et al.[(2001). Am J Med Genet 101:240-245]. In all three children the skeletal abnormalities progressed to severe bowing of the long bones with prominent joints and severe spinal deformity. Neurological symptoms were present in all of them. These included temperature instability with excessive sweating, reduced pain sensation with repeated injury to the tongue and limbs, absent corneal reflexes and a smooth tongue. Mentality was normal in all of them. Radiological changes included under tubulation of the diaphyses, rarefaction and striation of metaphyses, destruction of the femoral heads and spinal deformity. We confirm that survival in this syndrome is possible and that the prognosis improves after the first year of life. This should be taken into consideration when counselling parents of affected children. This report further supports the existence of a characteristic phenotype in Stüve-Wiedemann syndrome survivors which include, in addition to the skeletal abnormalities and distinctive radiological features, neurological symptoms reminiscent of dysautonomia.

GABA signalling critically controls the alpha cell population in pancreatic islets. Low intraislet GABA may contribute to alpha cell hyperplasia in early type 1 diabetes.

Objective: We sought to establish the significance of querying chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) patients about their past CRS-related oral antibiotic and corticosteroid usage by determining the association between these metrics and patients' quality of life (QoL).Study Design: Cross-sectional study.Methods: A total of 157 patients with CRS were prospectively recruited. CRS-specific QoL was measured using the 22-item Sinonasal Outcome Test . General health-related QoL was measured using the EuroQoL five-dimensional questionnaire visual analog scale. Associations were sought between these measures of QoL and frequency of CRS-related oral antibiotic and corticosteroid usage reported by the participants in the prior 3 and 12 months.Results: More frequent antibiotic and corticosteroid use was significantly associated with worse CRS-specific and general health-related QoL, whether querying medication use over the prior 3 months or over the prior 12 months (P < 0.001 in all cases). The effect size of CRS-related antibiotic use during the prior 3 months on CRS-specific QoL (SNOT-22 score) was significantly greater than for use during the prior 12 months. However, there was no other statistically significant difference in effect size for association between QoL and CRS-related antibiotic or corticosteroid use in the prior 3 months versus prior 12 months. These results were independent of the presence or absence of polyps.Conclusion: More frequent past CRS-related oral antibiotic and corticosteroid use, regardless of time period queried (3 months or 12 months) is associated with significant decrease in CRS-specific and general health-related QoL. CRS-related systemic medication use is an important indicator of CRS patients' QOL that easily can be queried and utilized in both clinical and research settings.

In patients with total glossectomy, feeding tube dependence was not associated with laryngeal preservation or the reconstructive technique, including flap innervation and type of flap used. Laryngeal preservation was associated with favorable speech outcomes such as the retained ability to verbally communicate and higher levels of speech intelligibility.