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We report two cases in which ultra wide field fluorescein angiography was used to direct targeted retinal photocoagulation (TRP) to areas of retinal capillary non-perfusion in an attempt to cause regression of diabetic neovascularization. By providing up to a 200 degree field of view, accurate delineation of retinal capillary non-perfusion and precise application of photocoagulation was possible. The application of TRP successfully led to the regression of the retinal neovascularization in our patients. Complications of conventional panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) such as visual field loss and macular edema may have been avoided. When TRP is used in conjunction with ultra wide field fluorescein angiography, preservation of functional retina may be possible while minimizing the amount of laser treatment that is applied to the retina.

PURPOSE To describe the characteristics and course of late varicella-zoster virus (VZV) dendriform keratitis in patients with histories of herpes zoster ophthalmicus (HZO); to describe responses of corneal lesions to antiviral treatment; and to investigate risk factors for recurrence. DESIGN Retrospective case series. METHODS Included were patients known to have 1 or more episodes of dendriform lesions beginning at least 2 weeks after HZO in 2 academic practices. Epithelial lesions were evaluated for the presence of VZV DNA by a polymerase chain reaction assay. Demographic, medical, and ophthalmic data were collected for each episode. Responses to treatment with antiviral medications were evaluated. Cumulative risk of recurrence was determined using Kaplan-Meier analysis; potential risk factors for recurrence (age, systemic disease, lesion characteristics, corticosteroids) were evaluated using univariate Cox proportional hazard models. RESULTS We identified 20 patients (14 women; median age, 65 years) who met inclusion criteria. Dendriform lesions were pleomorphic with thickened, opaque epithelium. Seven patients had systemic diseases characterized by altered immune function. VZV DNA was identified in 15 of 16 cases tested, and all lesions responded to antiviral therapy. The 1-year incidence of first recurrence was 95.8 lesions per 100 person-years of follow-up. Patients had multiple recurrences, but risk of recurrence appeared to decrease over time. No statistically significant risk factors for recurrence were identified. CONCLUSIONS Late dendriform lesions associated with HZO are foci of productive VZV infection. Lesions can be treated effectively with topical or systemic antiviral agents. Patients can have multiple recurrences of dendriform lesions despite treatment.

Endophthalmitis was a rare occurrence in this large series of gas-filled eyes after macular hole surgery (0.04%). Gas endotamponade after microincision sutureless vitrectomy may be beneficial in reducing the risk of postoperative endophthalmitis; however, additional studies are necessary to make a definitive recommendation.

A pilot study showed that preliminary normative CST, MT, and MV values were obtained by Cirrus high-definition optical coherence tomography. The authors propose that CST ranges from 216.8 μm to 308 μm in normal eyes. Older age and female gender were associated with thinner MT.

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In patients with RVO-related ME, topical squalamine combined with early, as-needed ranibizumab appears to enhance visual recovery versus ranibizumab alone. Combination therapy appears safe and was well-tolerated. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina. 2016;47:914-923.].