Aims: The objective of this study was to evaluate the antivenom action of minerals from two plants on the biochemical parameters of rabbits. Methodology: For its realization, thirty-six (36) rabbits including nineteen (19) males and seventeen (17) females were divided into three portions (E1, E2 and E3). In each portion, there are different batches with three rabbits per batch. So, for E1, each rabbit of the control lot and those of the experimental lot were collected separately in the red tubes (dry tubes). However, those from the experimental batch were injected 20-30 minutes after the injection of Naja nigricollis venom. For E2, each rabbit in a given experimental batch was first scarified with a specific potion initially prepared and then separately harvested the following day. Then, each animal was separately envenomed and then separately sampled. In E3, the same procedure of E2 was observed with the only difference that this time, each animal of a given experimental lot was first separately envenomed and then scarified with a precise potion previously prepared and subsequently collected three days later. All the blood samples taken in the various red tubes were transported in a cooler for the determination of biochemical parameters. Results: The venom has a dose-dependent action on the red blood cells in vitro, whereas the in vivo tests highlighted in a general way, the stabilizing and preventive action of the minerals from the potion P2 (Mucuna pruriens), P3 (Pongamia pinnata), P4, P5 and P6, and the curative action of P1 and P3 (Pongamia pinnata) on some biochemical parameters. Indeed, their action was manifested by the survival of some envenomed animals with a greater activity for P3. Conclusion: For the development of an antivenom, it would be advisable to use more Pongamia pinnata because of its effectiveness both preventively and curatively.
The general objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of Naja nigricollis venom on some vital organs of rabbits. To carry out this study, nine (9) rabbits including five (5) males and four (4) females were divided into two (2) control lots and one (1) experimental lot. Each control lot was composed of three (3) rabbits (males or females) while the experimental lot was comprised of two (2) males and one (1) female. The rabbits of the experimental lot were injected with Naja nigricollis venom for about 20 to 30 minutes and then after the determination of their biochemical and hematological parameters, were autopsied for the removal of organs such as heart, liver, kidneys and lungs. These organs were weighed and their appearance was studied. The results of this study showed that the heart and lungs of control male rabbits weighed more than those of females, whereas the liver and kidneys did not. Then, the cytotoxins of the Naja nigricollis venom were at the origin of gangrene which induced necrosis by an increase in their volume in a general way and degradation of the organs studied. Finally, the dose of venom injected (2 mg/Kg of body weight) could also cause hypotension, so favoring the formation of oedemas and consequently gangrene.
The general objective of this study was to evaluate the antivenom effect of minerals from two plants on some vital organs (heart, liver, kidneys and lungs) of rabbits. It was carried out with 36 rabbits (19 males and 17 females) divided into portions E1, E2 and E3. E1 consisted of 2 control lots (3 males and 3 females), and 1 experimental lot (2 males and 1 female). E2 comprised 7 batches of rabbits (2 males and 1 female). E3 consisted of 2 batches of 3 females. Naja nigricollis venom was injected for approximately 20-30 minutes to the animals in the experimental batch of E1, and to those in E2 and E3. Then, E2 and E3 were treated preventively and curatively with minerals, respectively. After the determination of their biochemical and hematological parameters, they were necropsied separately and then their organs were removed, weighed and their appearance was studied. The study revealed that the venom of Naja nigricollis was the cause of death of all the animals of the experimental batch of E1. On the other hand, the use of P2 and P3 as a preventive measure was able to save 1 out of 3 and 3 individuals respectively from the venom. As for P3 as a curative measure, it kept alive 2 out of 3 individuals against the venom. Thus, for the development of anti-venomous phytomedicine, it would be advisable to use the minerals from P3 (ash of Millettia pinnata). Keywords: Antivenomous, minerals, Millettia pinnata, Naja nigricollis, phytomedicine
Les shigelloses (dysenterie bacillaire) persistent actuellement sous forme endémique dans les pays tropicaux et sont accompagnées d’échecs thérapeutiques à cause des souches de Shigelles (agents pathogènes) résistantes aux antibiotiques, constituant ainsi une priorité de santé publique. En Côte d’Ivoire, dans lesrecherches d’alternatives thérapeutiques pour éradiquer ce fléau, les activités antishigella in vitro, d’extraits d’Euphorbia hirta, plante utilisée en médecine traditionnelle pour guérir les diarrhées sanglantes ont été comparées. Un extrait total aqueux (ETaq) a été obtenu par macération de la poudre végétale dans de l’eau distillée et un extrait hydroéthanolique (EETH70%) a aussi été obtenu par macération de la poudre végétale dans l’éthanol70%. Les tests bactériologiques ont été effectués sur les souches cliniques de Shigella sp (EEQ ; 1055) pour déterminer les Concentration Minimale Inhibitrice (CMI) et Concentration Minimale Bactéricide (CMB). Aussi, les rapports d’efficacité des différents extraits sur la base des CMB, ont été recherchés. Ces travaux ont montré que les valeurs des CMIs varient de 6,25 à 12,5 mg/mL tandis que celles des CMBs sont de 25 mg/mL pour l’E.ETH70% (respectivement contre les deux souches :1055 et EEQ de Shigella sp.). Les CMIs et CMBs prises dans ce même ordre sont respectivement de 50 mg/mL pour l’E.Taq. (contre les deux souches) et de 100 à 200 mg/mL respectivement contre les souches EEQ et 1055. Toutefois, l’E.ETH70% est quatre à huit fois plus actif que l’E.Taq. respectivement pour les inhibitions des souches cliniques EEQ et 1055 (par référence au rapport d’efficacité sur la base des CMBs, soit CMB E.Taq)/(CMB EETH70%, montrant ainsi que ces souches testées sont plus sensibles à l’E.ETH70%. Ces travaux constituent une assise scientifique à l’usage traditionnel de cette plante, dans le traitement des diarrhées sanglantes.
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