The constraints faced by IDPs were many ranging from inadequate housing, poor medical health care, hazardous work, vulnerability of women and children to trafficking and sexual exploitation, discrimination based on ethnicity, religion, class or gender as well as break in social relations. The aim of the study was to assess the nature of internal displacement in terms of causes and consequences of the internally displaced persons in Kaduna State. The sample population was drawn from the three senatorial zones. Purposive/availability sampling was used in selecting the settlements. The results had shown movement of internally displaced persons (IDPs) from one local government to another and from neighboring states into the study area. The study also revealed that the level of integration between the IDPs and the host communities is higher in rural areas as a result of the small size of the settlements which allows easier cohesion between the communities. The study recommended for public awareness on the large number of IDPs presence in the society and the need to empower them. The virtue of tolerance and forgiveness should be encouraged among the people to strengthen mutual co-existence in the society.
Risk management helps the key project participants client, contractor or developer, consultant, and supplier to meet their commitments and minimize negative impacts on construction project performance in relation to cost, time, quality and safety. A construction risk is very important the process of construction, whose occurrence results in uncertainty as to the final cost, duration and safety in construction site. The objective of this review includes identification of the causes of delays in Nigerian Construction Projects, the perceptions of the different parties regarding causes of delays, the allocation of responsibilities and the types of delays, and the consequences of delay project management. We also highlight efficient ways of meeting the targeted time management in construction.
The paper examined the spatial distribution and characteristics of ethno-cultural tourism resources available in different ethnic communities in Kaduna State, Nigeria. The sampled communities are Ham, Fulani, Hausa, Kagoro, Adara and Gbagyi, field observations were also carried out for holistic resource inventory in the ethnic communities. Documentary data were obtained from desk review method; information on tourism resources available in each ethnic community. The findings of the study reveal that the ethno-cultural resources were characterized into three groups that are made up of archaeological/historical monuments, cultural and festival activities, and artifacts; while the nature-based tourism, resources were also sub-divided into geomorphic and hydrological features. The study recommends that There is the need for private public partnership (PPP) to foster visible ethno-cultural tourism development projects (tourism potential development, provision of social amenities to enhance competitive advantage and enlightenment campaigns), since the local and state Governments (basically in terms of infrastructural developing and policy issue that will providing an enabling environment for tourism projects to strive) cannot do all or meet all the yearnings of the people.
Microorganisms can easily degrade agro-industrial wastes in a solid-state fermentation process thereby synthesizing many important commercial bio compounds including lipolytic enzymes. Screening different habitats for bacteria with lipase activity and optimizing its fermentation parameters with facilities effective production and usage in industries. In this study, soil samples from different Abattoirs in Kaduna metropolis were screened for presence of lipase positive strains culture medium parameters such as carbon source, inducers, nitrogen source, pH, temperature, inoculums level and incubation period were varied for the purpose of optimization. Maximum lipase activity was recorded at 48hours incubation, this activity occurred in media containing groundnut peel and rice husk, supplemented with ammonium nitrate and urea which are the best carbon and nitrogen sources. The isolated bacteria were identified as Pseudomonas biochemically, the production, partial purification and characterization of lipase activity at different pH, determination of molecular weight analysis. The lipase was partially purified up to saturation using ammonium sulphate precipitation spectrophotometric lipase assay was used for enzyme characterization. Lipases produced by pseudomonas have been used widely in pharmaceutical, food, pulp, textile, paper, leather industries among others due to their stability, selectivity and broad substrate specificity.
The term Building Worker refers to any personnel engaged in the physical construction of a building. Just like every other occupation they are faced with challenges in performing their duties. The safety of building construction workers on sites is key to achieving success in any project, when these workers are physically healthy work can go on smoothly as virtually all works on site are dependent on the workers for implementation. Numerous building projects are situated in Abuja, Nigeria with little or no attention being paid to safety issues. This research looked into the level of safety implementation of the Construction companies and the level of safety awareness of the workers in Abuja city. 80 questionnaires were issued, 69 (85%) copies were retrieved. The findings revealed that building site workers in Nigeria lacked the requisite trainings needed to perform their trades. The Construction company’s practice of not providing the basic safety materials and facilities was also exposed. The older workers were aware of their rights as employees on site. Lack of safety training was the major cause of accidents among the workers with minor injuries being mostly experienced. The Unqualified laborers were most frequently engaged in accidents on the sites. Accidents mainly occurred among workers less than 20 years of age. The Governmental agencies need to step up their enforcement activities in order to adequately protect these workers, the available safety regulations need updating and if possible solely Nigerian regulations should be designed.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.