This study has demonstrated, for the first time, the potential application of coatings to protect bricks or architectures against detrimental atmospheric effects via a self-cleaning approach. In this research, a facile fabrication method was developed to produce amorphous SiO2 particles and their hierarchical structures via applying trimethylchlorosilane (TMCS). They were fully characterized by various surface analytic tools, including a goniometer, SEM, AFM, zeta sizer, and a spectroscopic technique (FTIR), and then applied as super hydrophobic coatings on glass and sand. The characterization results revealed that the SiO2 particles are amorphous, quasi-spherical particles with an average diameter of 250–300 nm, and the hierarchical structures in the film were assembled from building blocks of SiO2 and TMCS. The wettability of the films can be controlled by changing the pH of the SiO2/TCMS dispersion. A super hydrophobic surface with a water contact angle of 165° ± 1° was achieved at the isoelectric point of the films. The obtained translucent super hydrophobic SiO2/TMCS coatings show good self-cleaning performances for glass and sand as construction materials. This study indicated that the superhydrophobic coatings may have potential applications in the protection of buildings and construction architectures in the future.
Thermal ablation (TA) is known as an alternative therapy to surgery to treat tumors. However, TA-based therapy requires advanced approaches in order to prevent causing damage to healthy tissue around the tumor and selectively target the desired area. Nanoparticles are considered as a promising tool in biomedicine to fulfill these requirements. This study was carried out in order to analyze the effect of iron oxide nanoparticles on the temperature increment during radiofrequency ablation therapy of porcine liver. In addition, this research aimed to experimentally evaluate the impact of two solvents such as agarose and chitosan on the temperature change, when magnetic nanoparticles were dispersed in them. The iron oxide nanoparticles were synthesized by the solvothermal method demonstrating the magnetic properties by acting to the external magnetic field. To increase the local heat superparamagnetic nanoparticles (iron oxide magnetic nanoparticle (IONPs)) of the average size of 20 nm in size and the concentrations from 1 to 10 mg/mL of MNPs with a step size of 1 mg/mL were tested in 10 replicates for each concentration and solvent. Moreover, the temperature changes for dry liver, and 0 mg/mL concentration was checked for calibration and reference purposes. As a sensing system, advanced 16-FBG optical fiber sensors connected to an interrogator were employed allowing the temperature change to be monitored accurately in real time. A maximum temperature of about 142 °C was recorded by a 5 mg/mL concentration of iron oxide nanoparticles dispersed in the agarose solvent.
In this paper, it was successfully established a novel and cheap water-proofing technique for protecting concrete from further damage caused by water leakage. This technique originated from the proper design and rational formulation of the materials including hydrophobic sand, silicon oil, tyre crumb rubber, and recycled motor oil. From this research, it can be seen that only one concrete showed hydrophobicity and all obtained concrete demonstrated significantly and in some cases extremely low water permeability relative to control concrete. To the best of current knowledge, this is the first paper, which studied the surface and water sorption properties of concrete modified by the addition of hydrophobic sand obtained by patented technology. The goniometer investigated the surface properties of the modified concrete. The results obtained including density, contact angle, change of weight, and maximum load capacity under high electro-hydraulic pressure were compared and discussed.
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