ABSTRACT. A captive, unimale breeding group of Diana monkeys was observed during the development of three infants, and a quantitative description of social interactions is presented.Adult females associate with females of adjacent rank, while the adult male and juvenile are peripheral. Dominance rank determines, for each dyad of adults, which animal has the major role in maintaining mutual proximity, as well as priority of access to preferred foods. Initially, a new infant is a focus of attention for all animals, but with time the infant takes over the main role in maintaining proximity: first to the mother, then to other young animals and finally to the other adult female. The adult male's behaviour towards an infant is qualitatively different to that of other animals. The possible origins of this pattern of behaviour is discussed in terms of selective advantages to a female-bonded, uni-male monkey.
It has been found that adults show better recall of lists of phonologically dissimilar words than lists of phonologically similar words with visual presentation. This phonological similarity effect is usually attributed to the use of covert verbal rehearsal. Previous studies, however, have shown that 5‐year‐old children do not show this effect with purely visual presentation. In the present study, 5‐year‐olds were trained to carry out either overt or covert verbal rehearsal. Both groups showed significant effects of phonological similarity, but the overt rehearsal group produced a significantly larger one. A third group of children received no training in verbal rehearsal, and did not show differential recall of the two types of stimuli, thus replicating earlier work on 5‐year‐olds. This group did, however, show a primacy effect, despite the fact that this is generally thought to be a product of verbal rehearsal.
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