Objective
The current study examines the interrelations between observed parental cultural socialization and socialization of coping with discrimination, and youth outcomes among a sample of 92 American Indian adolescents and their parents in a rural reservation.
Method
Path analysis is used to examine the relationships among observed parental socialization (cultural socialization and socialization of coping with discrimination), and youth-reported perceived discrimination, ethnic identity and depression.
Results
Findings reveal that higher levels of observed parental cultural socialization and socialization of coping with discrimination predict lower levels of depression as reported by youth 1 year later. Path analyses also show that observed parental cultural socialization and socialization of coping with discrimination are positively associated with youth ethnic identity.
Conclusions
These findings point to the importance of integrating familial socialization of culture and coping with discrimination in fostering resilience among American Indian youth.
There is a growing need for cross-cultural research on screening instruments appropriate for use with young children from culturally diverse backgrounds who are at risk for emotional or behavioral problems. Head Start classrooms provide an ideal environment for (a) conducting applied research and (b) encouraging best practices in screening, assessment, and early detection among diverse multicultural low-income populations. This research assessed the cross-cultural psychometric characteristics and validity of a multiple-gating screening procedure used by the Early Screening Project (ESP) to screen and identify children at risk for behavioral problems in Head Start centers in rural and urban sites in Oregon. The ESP procedure relies on teacher judgments, in vivo behavioral observations, and normative criteria to identify preschool children exhibiting serious behavioral problems. This research provides initial evidence that the ESP can be used appropriately within the context of multicultural Head Start populations.
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