The extraction of energy from vortical structures advecting through an ambient environment is a topic of interest due to the potential to power miniature in situ sensors and monitors. This work investigates the vortex dynamics and flow-induced vibrations of a flexible plate arising from a vortex ring passing tangentially over it. Experimental measurements of the flow field and plate dynamics are performed in tandem with a coupled potential flow/Kirchhoff-Love plate model in order to (i) elucidate the physics of the vortex-plate interactions in the specified orientation and relate the energy exchange between the ring and the plate to the attendant vortex dynamics; (ii) validate the potential flow model and provide any needed corrections to account for the simplifying assumptions; and (iii) provide empirical data for estimating energy harvesting capabilities in the specified orientation. The plate loading arises as a result of an initial down-wash, followed quickly by a region of reduced pressure as the vortex core passes over the plate. The fundamental physics of the interaction is discussed, identifying three regimes. When the centerline of the vortex ring is positioned greater than approximately 2 vortex ring radii away from the plate it can be considered to be in the far-field, and the resulting vibrations are well predicted through potential flow, once the plate dynamics are corrected for edge effects arising from a finite plate width. As the offset distance of the vortex ring is decreased, diffusion of induced vorticity on the plate into the flow field significantly alters the fluid dynamics, pressure loading, and the resultant plate dynamics, and dramatically increases the strain energy in comparison with the potential flow model predictions. A first-order correction to the potential flow model is proposed to account for the finite plate width, while empirical correlations are presented for the plate strain energy in cases where ring/induced vorticity interactions are significant.
In this study the effects of induced jet at trailing edge of a two dimensional airfoil on its boundary layer shape, separation over surface and turbulent parameters behind trailing edge are numerically investigated and compared against a previous experimental data. After proving independency of results from mesh size and obtaining the required mesh size, different turbulent models are examined and RNG k-epsilon model is chosen because of good agreement with experimental data in velocity and turbulent intensity variations. A comparison between ordinary and jet induced cases, regarding numerical data, is made. The results showed that because of low number of measurement points in experimental study, turbulent intensity extremes are not captured. While in numerical study, these values and their positions are well calculated and exact variation of turbulent intensity is acquired. Also a study in effect of jet at high angles of attack is done and the results showed the ability of jet in controlling separation and reducing wake region.
List of symbolsF Force vector (N) g Gravity acceleration vector (m/s 2 ) I Turbulent intensity k Turbulent kinetic energy (m 2 /s 2 ) p Pressure (N/m 2 ) q Volumetric flow rate (m 3 /h) u 0 Fluctuation velocity component (m/s) V Velocity vector (m/s) x Chord-wise direction (m) y Normal to surface direction (m) e Turbulent energy dissipation rate (m 2 /s 3 ) l Dynamic viscosity (N s/m 2 ) q Density (kg/m 3 ) m Kinematic viscosity (m 2 /s) c Transition intermittency (s -1 ) s Stress tensor (N) x Specific rate of turbulent energy dissipation (s -1 )
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