These results suggest that the sleep disorders observed in the CRF group were probably related to the low production of melatonin observed in this population. The high level of TNF, as previously demonstrated in other pathologies, is probably involved in this blockage of melatonin production in CRF.

The characterization of oropharyngeal swallowing profile in chronic renal patients showed abnormalities at oral and pharyngeal phase, including penetration and tracheal aspiration, which requires oral intake changes.

Objetivo. Comparar o nível de ingestão oral e o grau de comprome­timento da disfagia orofaríngea neurogênica pré e pós - fonoterapia. Método. 19 indivíduos com disfagia orofaríngea neurogênica, 10 adultos pós-Acidente Vascular Cerebral (AVC), faixa etária de 4 a 76 anos, que compunham o grupo 1 (G1) e nove crianças com Encefalo­patia Crônica Infantil Não Progressiva (ECINP), faixa etária de dois anos e cinco meses a 15 anos que compunham o grupo 2 (G2). Foram excluídos os adultos em fase de recuperação espontânea. Realizada aná­lise retrospectiva dos protocolos de avaliação fonoaudiológica clínica com classificação do grau de comprometimento da disfagia, aplicados pré e pós - fonoterapia. Foi utilizado o Functional Oral Intake Scale – FOIS para avaliar o nível de ingestão oral, pré e pós-fonoterapia. Resultados. Quanto ao grau de comprometimento das disfagias hou­ve mudança favorável somente nos adultos, sendo que na FOIS estas mudanças ocorreram nos dois grupos. Conclusão. Houve mudanças favoráveis no grau de comprometimento da disfagia orofaríngea e nos níveis da FOIS, pré e pós – fonoterapia no AVC, porém na ECINP os marcadores utilizados não apresentaram mudanças favoráveis devendo inclusive ser revistos para aplicação nesta população. Serão necessários estudos futuros que investiguem as variáveis desta amostra.

Objective: This study aimed to profile the language skills of patients with damage to the right cerebral hemisphere attended at the Ibirapuera Unit (Central) of the Association for the Welfare of Handicapped Children -AACD (Associação de Assistência à Criança Deficiente -AACD/Unidade Ibirapuera -Central), and to discover the perceptions of caregivers and patients regarding the presence or absence of language disorders after a stroke. Method: The descriptive study was conducted from July to September of 2009 with 11 adults through the application of the Montreal Communication Evaluation Battery (known in Brazil as Bateria MAC) tests, the Questionnaire on Awareness of Difficulties, and the Communicative Disorders Screening on individuals with neurological conditions, direct relatives, and/or caregivers. Results: It was found that 90.9% of patients with injuries of the right cerebral hemisphere had a deficit in at least one of the tests comprising the Bateria MAC assessment of language. Conclusion: Findings showing the patient's absence of awareness of their linguistic and cognitive deficits are also very important, not only about their daily life activities, but about their agnosia.

Objective. To compare, pre-and post-swallowing therapy, the level of oral intake scale, and the degree of severity of neurogenic oropharyngeal dysphagia. Method. 19 patients with oropharyngeal dysphagia: 10 Post-Stroke adults, aged from 44 years to 76 years (group 1 -G1), and nine children with Cerebral Palsy, aged from two years and five months to 15 years (group 2 -G2). We excluded individuals in the process of spontaneous recovery. We held retrospective analysis of clinical protocols for clinical speech therapy evaluation with classification of the degree of dysphagia severity, applied before and after swallowing therapy. We used the Functional Oral Intake Scale -FOIS to assess the level of oral ingestion, pre and post-swallowing therapy. Results. The degree of commitment of dysphagia was favorable change only in adults, and in FOIS these changes occurred in both groups. Conclusion. There were favorable changes in the degree of impairment of oropharyngeal dysphagia and levels of FOIS, pre and post -speech therapy in stroke, but in ECINP markers used showed no favorable changes should even be reviewed for application in this population. Future studies are needed to investigate the variables in this sample.

No abstract

Objective: This study aimed to profile the language skills of patients with damage to the right cerebral hemisphere attended at the Ibirapuera Unit (Central) of the Association for the Welfare of Handicapped Children - AACD (Associação de Assistência à Criança Deficiente - AACD/Unidade Ibirapuera - Central), and to discover the perceptions of caregivers and patients regarding the presence or absence of language disorders after a stroke. Method: The descriptive study was conducted from July to September of 2009 with 11 adults through the application of the Montreal Communication Evaluation Battery (known in Brazil as Bateria MAC) tests, the Questionnaire on Awareness of Difficulties, and the Communicative Disorders Screening on individuals with neurological conditions, direct relatives, and/or caregivers. Results: It was found that 90.9% of patients with injuries of the right cerebral hemisphere had a deficit in at least one of the tests comprising the Bateria MAC assessment of language. Conclusion: Findings showing the patient’s absence of awareness of their linguistic and cognitive deficits are also very important, not only about their daily life activities, but about their agnosia.

ESTE ARTIGO PARTE DO PRESSUPOSTO DE QUE A IMAGEM É UMA LINGUAGEM IMPORTANTE PARA A FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES E TEM POR OBJETIVO IDENTIFICAR A COMPLEMENTARIEDADE ENTRE FOTOGRAFIAS E LEGENDAS DE MEIO AMBIENTE CONSTRUÍDAS POR LICENCIANDOS DE CIÊNCIAS BIOLÓGICAS. A ANÁLISE DOS DADOS FOI REALIZADA POR MEIO DAS SEGUINTES CATEGORIAS: ESTRUTURAS COMPOSICIONAIS DE IMAGENS (ENQUADRAMENTO, VALOR INFORMACIONAL, SALIÊNCIA, MODALIDADE) E REPRESENTAÇÃO AMBIENTAL (NATUREZA, RECURSO, PROBLEMA, LUGAR PARA VIVER, BIOSFERA, PROJETO COMUNITÁRIO E OBJETO DA CIÊNCIA). OS RESULTADOS INDICAM QUE DO TOTAL DE 38 IMAGENS, 50% DAS FOTOGRAFIAS APRESENTAVAM COMPLEMENTARIEDADE TOTAL, 28,94% COMPLEMENTARIEDADE PARCIAL, 21,05% NÃO APRESENTARAM NENHUMA COMPLEMENTARIEDADE, APRESENTANDO SIMILARIDADE COM OUTROS ESTUDOS REALIZADOS NA ÁREA. DIANTE DOS RESULTADOS CONCLUI-SE QUE APESAR DE METADE DO GRUPO APRESENTAR DOMÍNIO DA LINGUAGEM IMAGÉTICA, HÁ AINDA UMA DEFASAGEM QUE INDICA PARA A NECESSIDADE DE TRABALHARMOS NA FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES A ALFABETIZAÇÃO PARA USO E PRODUÇÃO DE IMAGENS.