MORPHOLOGICAL ANALYSES AND ECOLOGICAL INFERENCES OF POLLEN GRAINS AND SPORES (LAST ~8.000 YEARS) OF THE FERRADURA LAGOON, ARMAÇÃO DOS BÚZIOS, RJ, BRAZIL. This work presents descriptions of spores and pollen grains taken from a Holocene sediment core (22º48'45"S, 41º54'13"W) collected in the Ferradura Lagoon, Armação dos Búzios peninsula, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil, during the last 8,060-7,770 14 C cal. years BP. The chemical treatment of the sediments and palynological analyses made possible to identify, based on morphological criteria, 119 pollinic types. These types corresponded two families and two genera of bryophyte, six families and seven genera of pteridophyte, one genus of gymnosperm pollen (Podocarpus) and 107 types of angiosperms pollen that consisted of seven families and five genus of monocotyledoneae and 47 families and 66 genus of dicotyledoneae. The most common angiosperm types were: Fabaceae (20), Euphorbiaceae (7), Anacardiaceae (5), Malvaceae (5), Bignoniaceae (4), Sapindaceae (3),

Here, we describe pollen grains extracted from a Pleistocene-Holocene sediment core (BU-91-GL-05; 22°48'45"S; 41°54'13"W) taken from the Albacora Slope (22°48'45"S; 41°54'13"W), located in the Campos Basin of the northern region of the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The analysis resulted in the identification and morphological description of 46 types of pollen: one of a gymnosperm genus (Podocarpus); and 45 of angiosperm taxa across 27 families-one family of monocotyledons (Poaceae) and 26 families (30 types) of dicotyledons. The most common angiosperm families were Amaranthaceae (Chenopodium, Amaranthus and Gomphrena); Fabaceae (Fabaceae type, Bauhinia, Inga and Canavalia); Malpighiaceae (Tetrapteris, Heteropteris and Peixotoa); Malvaceae (Sida, Abutilon, Hibiscus and Pseudobombax); Rubiaceae (Faramea, Borreria and Psychotria); Asteraceae (Eupatorium and tribe Vernonieae); Bignoniaceae (Bignoniaceae type, Adenocalymma and Tabebuia); and Onagraceae (Fuchsia and Ludwigia). The palynoflora in this study are associated with dense montane and submontane Atlantic Forest, semideciduous forest and restinga (coastal woodland), all of which are present in the state of Rio de Janeiro. Palynological analysis can provide important data about paleovegetation and paleoclimatic changes in the studied area during the Quaternary, specifically in the last 145,000 years.

-HOLOCENE FUNGAL SPORES AND FRUTIFICATIONS OF A CORE FROM THE FERRADURA LAGOON (ARMAÇÃO DOS BÚZIOS, RJ, BRASIL). Fungal spores and frutifications suggest environmental changes on Armação dos Búzios Peninsula (Lakes Region, Rio de Janeiro State, SE Brazil) before 7,880 years BP to current days. Holocene sediments of Ferradura Lagoon were processed by Quaternary palinological method, what made possible recovery abundant and diversified microfungi. In this study were identified 21 genera of fungal spores Deuteromycetes: Amerosporae (7), Didymosporae (4), Phragmosporae (6), Dictyosporae (1), Staurosporae (3); and one genus of frutification: Ascomycetes (Callimothallus). The identified genera were morphologically compared with modern living microfungi, which may reflect ecological interactions with certain groups of plants, such as Frasnacritetrus and grasses, Reduviasporonites/Aspergillus and Pteridophytes, and Dictyosporites/Arbuscula on Eugenia sp. (Myrtaceae) leaves, barks of some deciduous trees, and even some species of Rhamnaceae. The majority of the identified microfungi on RJ 92-5 core suggest a coastal environment with brackish waters from mangroves, moist soils and warm climate. These results agree with the Holocene paleoenvironmental characterization of eastern portion of Armação dos Búzios Peninsula based on pollen data.

paleoclimáticos debido a problemas tafonómicos que afectan la preservación polínica , sin embargo nos ofrecen a menudo información muy valiosa sobre las actividades humanas y las culturas prehistóricas (Dimbleby 1985; Holloway y Bryant 1986). El polen de plantas consumidas por antiguas poblaciones adherido a las vasijas cerámicas, piedras de moler u otros artefactos Los estudios arqueopalinológicos ayudan a la comprensión de los aspectos culturales de las poblaciones humanas en el pasado, especialmente a través de los cambios en la vegetación natural causados por la acción antrópica (Bryant y Hall 1993;Carrión et al. 2009

Nos últimos vinte anos, a formação acadêmico-científica arqueológica cresceu exponencialmente no Brasil, culminando com o reconhecimento da profissão em 2018. No entanto, pouco sabemos sobre os perfis socioeconômico e profissional das pessoas atuantes na área, assim como de estudantes em processo de formação, em nível de graduação e pós-graduação. Para que se tenha uma visão geral do quadro da Arqueologia no país, propomos a realização de um levantamento demográfico, cujos primeiros resultados estão compilados neste manuscrito. Esta iniciativa nos possibilita delinear os desafios da inclusão e da representatividade no exercício da profissão, cujas reflexões nos auxiliarão na concepção de medidas práticas para uma mudança desse quadro, no futuro.

This paper presents morphological descriptions and ecological data of cryptogam spores and other non-pollen palynomorphs from Quaternary sediments of Campos Basin, Rio de Janeiro, SE Brazil. The ages were derived from biostratigraphy of planktonic foraminifers and two radiocarbon dates, and suggest that sediment deposition started in the last 140,000 years BP. Thirty different types of palynomorphs were identified, described, and photographed: two bryophyte spores (sensu lato); 21 pteridophyte spores; four freshwater microalgae; onePseudoschizaea; and two microfungi. Some of the identified spores (Sphagnum, Blechnum, Cyatheaceae, Dennstaedtiaceae, Lycopodiella, Microgramma, Polypodium, Acrostichum, Pityrogramma, and Lygodium) are related to the modern flora found on the northern coast of Rio de Janeiro State, at the Restinga of Jurubatiba, from vegetation types such as shrub swamp/ coastal swamp formation, seasonally flooded forest, Clusia and Ericaceae woods, and disturbed vegetation. The freshwater microalgae and the microfungi are also presently recorded from the coastal lagoons of this region. The high spore concentration in slope sediments reflects the intense terrigenous influx, caused by a relative low sealevel during glacial stages. Palynological analysis suggests the presence of taxa from flooded forests and humid areas in the coastal plain during glacial and interglacial stages of the Late Pleistocene.

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This paper presents descriptions, and taxonomic and ecological data by the angiosperm pollen grains recovered from Quaternary sediments of the Gruta do Urso Cave, Tocantins State, Northern Brazil. Among recovered assemblage, 44 types of angiosperm pollen were identified. Most of the pollen types described here are related to the modern aboreal-shrub and herbaceous-subshrub taxa currently present in the plant communities of the Cerrado biome: (i) forest formations (Annonaceae,