This study aimed to assess nutritional status and risk factors for chronic non-transmissible diseases in 1,252 factory employees in Santa Catarina State, Brazil. The following variables were studied: nutritional status, waist circumference, blood pressure, blood glucose levels, age, and schooling. Overweight and obesity were observed in 45% and 10% of the sample, respectively, with a significant association between nutritional status and gender, but not between nutritional status and schooling, adjusted for age. The proportion of high waist circumference was 33%, with a significant difference between genders. High systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were present in 18% and 11% of the employees, respectively, with a significant association between genders after adjusting for age. Type II diabetes mellitus was diagnosed in 2% of the sample and altered glucose levels in 4%. After adjusting for age, the only variables significantly associated with waist circumference were SBP and DPB. The results allowed the implementation of preventive and educational activities to improve employees' quality of life and productivity.
The present study reviews the possible role of Se status during pregnancy regarding adverse pregnancy outcomes, with emphasis on those related to diminished antioxidant activity and increased oxidative stress. Studies have reported that Se could play an important role in adverse outcomes such as miscarriages, neural tube defects, diaphragmatic hernia, premature birth, low birth weight, pre-eclampsia, glucose intolerance and gestational diabetes. Also, low Se status has been associated with adverse outcomes among HIV-infected pregnant women and their offspring. Nevertheless, the function of Se in the aetiology of pregnancy complications is yet to be elucidated. Available evidence presents the following limitations: most study designs do not allow conclusions about causal relationships; study populations, selection of subjects, research setting, procedures for defining sample size and analytical methods are often poorly described; many studies fail to adjust for important confounding variables. In addition, population studies assessing the relationship between Se intake during pregnancy and health outcomes are scarce. Further research is still needed to clarify the role of Se status in adverse pregnancy outcomes, especially those related to augmented oxidative stress.
Resumo Este estudo objetivou avaliar a qualidade de vida dos estudantes de Nutrição, de modo a subsidiar reflexões no processo de formação em saúde. Tratou-se de estudo observacional de corte transversal, realizado com quarenta estudantes distribuídos em todos os semestres do curso no período de agosto de 2010 a agosto de 2011. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de questionário específico -aspectos sociodemográfi-cos -e do instrumento World Health Organization Quality of Life Instrument Bref. Foram realizadas aná-lises estatísticas descritivas de frequência, tendência central e dispersão e análise inferencial de comparação entre os domínios. Estes apresentaram os seguintes escores: meio ambiente (68,17), relações sociais (66,67), físico (66,07) e psicológico (63,82). As facetas sono, energia para o dia a dia, capacidade de concentração, oportunidades de atividades de lazer, recursos financeiros, ambiente físico e sentimentos negativos influenciaram negativamente a qualidade de vida dos entrevistados e interferiram no desempenho acadê-mico. Esses achados corroboram outros estudos sobre graduandos, revelando que a qualidade de vida desses jovens demanda aprimoramento das estruturas físicas e ambientais, do apoio pedagógico, social e psicológi-co num contexto de inclusão social e multidiversidade cultural cada vez mais presente nas universidades públicas brasileiras. Palavras-chave qualidade de vida; percepção; estudantes; graduação; Nutrição.Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the quality of life of Nutrition students in order to subsidize reflections on the process of training in health. This was a cross-sectional observational study conducted from August 2010 to August 2011 among forty students attending all course semesters. Data was collected using a specific questionnaire -sociodemographic characteristics -and the World Health Organization Quality of Life Instrument-Bref. Descriptive frequency, central tendency, and dispersion statistical analyses were performed, as was the comparison inferential analysis among the domains. The scores were: environment (68.17), social (66.67), physical (66.07) and psychological (63.82) relations. The sleep, energy for daily activities, concentration capacity, opportunities for leisure activities, financial resources, physical environment and negative feeling facets affected the respondents' quality of life adversely and interfered with their academic performance. These findings corroborate other studies involving undergraduates, revealing that the quality of life of these young people require improving physical and environmental structures and pedagogical, social, and psychological support in a context of social inclusion and of cultural multidiversity that is increasingly present in Brazilian public universities.
Objective: to assess the strategies, practices, and arguments used by the industry to lobby legislators against sugary drinks taxation in Brazil. Design: we performed a content analysis of arguments put forward by sugary drink and sugar industries against sugary drinks taxation, using the framework developed by the International Network for Food and Obesity/NCD Research, Monitoring and Action Support to assess corporate political activity of the food industry. Setting: two public hearings held in 2017 and 2018 in the Brazilian Legislature. Participants: representatives from two prominent industry associations – one representing Big Soda and the other representing the main sugar, ethanol, and bioelectricity producers. Results: the ‘Information and messaging’ and ‘Policy substitution’ strategies were identified. Five practices were identified in the ‘Information and messaging’ strategy (four described in the original framework and an additional practice, ‘Stress the environmental importance of the industry’). Mechanisms not included in the original framework identified were ‘Stress the reduction of CO2 emissions promoted by the industry’; ‘Question the effectiveness of regulation’; ‘Suggest public-private partnerships’; ‘Shift the blame away from the product’; and ‘Question sugary drinks taxation as a public health recommendation’. No new practices or mechanisms to the original framework emerged in the ‘Policy substitution’ strategy. Conclusions: the strategies and practices are used collectively and complement each other. Arguments hereby identified are in line with those reported in other countries under different contexts and using different methodologies. Future research should address whether and under what conditions lobbying from this industry sector is effective in the Brazilian Legislature.
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