Purpose: The purpose of this article is to demonstrate that the youth internal migrations are not, as is generally accepted, temporary, in order to obtain an education, but permanent in the final intention. Design/Methodology/Approach: The survey were carried in two different regions: one with a strong (large) regional center and the other with the weaker (smaller) center. In those region secondary education centers of various sizes were selected. There were conducted an auditorium survey among 2380 young people graduating from general secondary schools. The basis of the study was a survey containing several questions and determining five features related to background legal data. Findings: Education migrations "to study" become the beginning of the final emigration addressed to the metropolitan city as a large academic center. The research results also proved that the process of draining small regions centers by large regional centers leads to a deepening of differences in the development of regions, especially their capitals. Practical Implications: The results of analysis might be used in shaping an appropriate development policy. They may also indicate the need for more than proportional support for small regional capitals or -looking from a different perspective -to real processes of the territorial division of the country. Originality/Value: Research results can contribute to the construction of theoretical models regarding migration and local and regional development
The net migration rate is highly diversified and noticeable chiefly in municipalities directly adjacent to large cities. This trend is still maintained in Poland and is now becoming even more visible than previously. Most of the studies conducted to date have not focused on extracting economic and environmental factors or determining the role of individual factors in those decisions. Furthermore, they have not analysed the issue of differences in motives and directions of migration. Thus, the aim of the research was to establish the factors that determine contemporary migrations from the city to suburban areas and to outline the role of economic and environmental factors. For this purpose, 164 interviews were conducted with individuals who had migrated from the city to the countryside surrounding one of the most important urban centres in Central Europe—Wrocław. In the research, the multiple snowball sampling technique was used. It was found that the factors with the most significant impact on the decision to move from the city to the countryside were those of an environmental nature, whereas the selection of a specific location (village) was to a greater extent determined by economic factors. Compared to their previous place of residence, the respondents most positively rated the environmental benefits of living in the countryside, whereas economic factors, especially insufficient sewage and energy infrastructure, in addition to poor services and transport, were downvoted. The results therefore imply the need for better planning of suburban settlement patterns that takes account of the availability and development of the infrastructure network. The settlement dispersion, as shown through spatial studies, leads to higher unit costs, which generate higher public services costs and thus increasing local expenditures.
Problem przemieszczeń przestrzennych ludności Polski, zwłaszcza migracji młodzieży, zyskuje współcześnie na znaczeniu i zaczyna się odciskać coraz silniejszym piętnem na obszarach, których dotyczy. Wśród powodów (nasilenia) tych procesów należy wymienić w pierwszym rzędzie akcesję Polski do Unii Europejskiej i związaną z tym swobodę przemieszczania się do Europy Zachodniej oraz niemal nieograniczony w Polsce dostęp do kształcenia na poziomie wyższym. Pierwszy z wymienionych powodów sprawił, że po 2004 roku dla Polaków pojawiła się istotna i atrakcyjna możliwość wyjazdu, pracy i zamieszkania w krajach Europy Zachodniej. Z tej możliwości szczególnie chętnie korzysta młodzież, wskazująca jako główne motywy
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