Is there a relationship between story-telling and memorialisation in the construction of victim identities? This paper seeks to examine these questions and shed light on the cultural dynamics of victimisation with reference to examples from sociological theories of late modernity and empirical research with people who self-identify as victims. Using examples from recent biographic interviews with an asylum seeker fleeing conflict in Gaza and two Hungarian radical right activists, the argument will be that victim identities are constructed and reconstructed through the development of personal and mediatised narratives about suffering and resilience. ¿Existe alguna relación entre la narración y la memoria en la construcción de las identidades de víctima? Este artículo pretende analizar esas cuestiones y arrojar luz sobre las dinámicas culturales de victimización, haciendo referencia a ejemplos de teorías sociológicas de la modernidad tardía y a investigaciones empíricas con personas que se identifican a sí mismas como víctimas. Utilizando ejemplos de entrevistas biográficas recientes con un solicitante de asilo que huía del conflicto de Gaza y con dos activistas húngaros de la derecha radical, argumentamos que las identidades de víctima se construyen y reconstruyen mediante el desarrollo de narrativas personales y mediatizadas sobre sufrimiento y resiliencia.
Purpose Child criminal exploitation (CCE) emerges from the complex interplay between potential targets, motivated perpetrators and conducive environments. Drawing on contextual safeguarding and rational choice theory. The purpose of this paper is to explain the relational dynamics that lead to CCE in terms of complex systems. Design/methodology/approach This paper reviews the existing criminological and public health perspectives on CCE and compare against current assessment protocols used to identify child victims of exploitation. Findings Findings demonstrate a conceptual and empirical flaw in existing practice. This flaw can be understood in terms of a failure to include both environmental conditions and the perpetrator’s motivation when trying to prevent CCE. Research limitations/implications To correct this, this paper develops an original systemic model called circles of analysis. This model builds on contextual safeguarding to overcome this identified flaw by also including perpetrator motivation to develop a Systemic Investigation, Protection and Prosecution Strategy. Practical implications It is worth considering as to whether our model can be scaled up to look at trafficking of children and adults for modern slavery, servitude, forced and compulsory labour in different contexts and jurisdictions. Alongside this, is there capacity to build perpetrator behaviours into the contextual safeguarding model? Social implications The potential for further development and alignment with the principles of contextual safeguarding is tantalising, and it is hoped that the contribution to this important special edition will open up new avenues for collaboration with both academics and practitioners who are concerned with protecting children and combatting CCE. Originality/value This strategy is uniquely designed to improve how police and social workers identify and investigate CCE and safeguard potential victims and survivors.
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