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Study results demonstrate a significant initial step in documenting the efficacy of the Matrix approach. Although the superiority of the Matrix approach over TAU was not maintained at the post-treatment timepoints, the in-treatment benefit is an important demonstration of empirical support for this psychosocial treatment approach.

Study findings provide solid evidence of efficacy for CM and CBT. Although the effect of CM is significantly greater during treatment, CBT appears to produce comparable long-term outcomes. There was no evidence of an additive effect for the 2 treatments in the CM + CBT group.

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The recent West Coast experience with increased methamphetamine use is showing signs of spreading to other parts of the US. The risk of corresponding medical and psychosocial problems has led to a call to action at the highest levels of government. The next few years will likely witness a substantial increase in treatment research on methamphetamine abuse/dependence, with particular emphasis on the development and application of novel pharmacotherapies. The evaluation of these agents presupposes that we understand the clinical syndrome resulting from chronic methamphetamine use. To establish a clear picture of the biological and psychological sequellae of methamphetamine use, we compare two cohorts (500 methamphetamine and 224 cocaine users) treated at the same outpatient clinic over the past nine years, using identical manualized treatments. The results suggest that while there are important differences in group characteristics and drug effects, the total response to treatment was quite comparable.

Increasing numbers of methamphetamine users sought treatment during the decade of the 1990s. Little is known about the post treatment status of methamphetamine users who enter treatment. The data presented in this paper describe the outcome status of a group of a convenience sample of 114 methamphetamine users from a total group of 500 methamphetamine users who were treated 2-5 years prior to a follow up interview. Since the sample was not randomly selected, no specific treatment outcome attribution is possible. Methamphetamine use and other drug use of the follow up sample was substantially reduced from pretreatment levels. In general, the follow up status of the sample was much improved as compared to before treatment. However, headaches and depression were reported at a similar rate at follow up as had been reported at treatment admission.