Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) are useful tool for conserving biodiversity and managing fisheries. The government of Malaysia has established several Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) to enable overexploited marine resources to recover and to conserve coral reef ecosystems.The paper investigates the effect of governance approach on the effective management of two MPAs, Perhentian and Kapas marine parks in Terengganu State of Peninsular Malaysia. The data for this study was obtained from face-to-face interviews with local people from two MPAs using a structured questionnaire. The results of the analysis show that local participation in MPA management and fisheries regulations are significant factors for the effective MPA management in the study areas. The regression results show that users' participation has contributed significantly to the MPA governance, which indicate that local peoples' participation play an important role for effective management of MPAs in Malaysia. The MPA management activities should be coordinated with other relevant agencies and local users to achieve successful management of MPAs in Malaysia. There is a need to give priority to encourage local fishers' participation in decision making for MPAs management in the future marine resource conservation policy in Malaysia.
The present study examines the asymmetric effect of financial development on the quality of environment in Nigeria from 1970 to 2018. The study employed the techniques of non-linear ARDL approach as well as Diks and Panchenko (2006) non-linear test of causality. A comprehensive index of financial development is constructed using PCA. The empirical outcomes of the study reveal that financial development in Nigeria impedes the quality of the environment. The government should encourage lenders to ease the funding for the energy sector and allocate financial resources for environment-friendly businesses rather than wasting them in consumer financing. Moreover, economic growth and FDI are positively and significantly related to carbon emissions. On this basis, the government should introduce environmentally friendly technologies that will help improve the quality of the environment, increase long-term sustainability, and save resources for generations to come. A key policy consequence of this study is also that the FDI inflow to pollution-intensive industries should be closely monitored.
Abstract. This study aimed to examine the effect of financial instability, energy prices and trade openness on economic growth for leading African countries (Egypt, Kenya, Morocco, Nigeria and South Africa
This study aims to review a number of studies on stock market returns and macroeconomic variables. The reviewed literature are categorised into three groups: literature related to developed countries, literature related to developing countries, and literature related to group countries. Moreover, the various empirical studies reviewed show mixed results and conclusions. In some studies, strong positive relationships are found to exist between stock returns and macroeconomic fundamentals and in some the relationship is a bit weak. Other researches report different results. This mixture of findings and conclusions emanates from differences in methodology, variables used and the period of study. There is also disparity in study area that fundamentally affects the behaviour of the macroeconomic variables.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.