Background: The increasing use of telecommunication devices such as Wi-Fi modems and mobile phones in the recent years can change the cellular structure of microorganisms so the generation of electromagnetic waves has led to concern in the community whenever be exposed to these fields and may have harmful effects on human health.Material and Methods: Standard strains of bacteria were prepared on Mueller-Hinton agar for bacterial growth to obtain 0.5 McFarland turbidity (1.5 × 108 CFU) of bacteria. Antibiotic susceptibility testing using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method was done. For Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, antibiotics susceptibility test was conducted. The test group was exposed to electromagnetic waves emitted by mobile phone simulator with a frequency of 900 MHz and the control group didin’t exposed.Results: The results revealed that increasing duration of exposure to electromagnetic waves emitted by the mobile simulators with a frequency of 900 MHz especially after 24 h of exposure, can increase bacterial resistance in S. aureus, and P. aeruginosa.Conclusion: Several factors can cause bacterial resistance against antibiotics. One of these factors is the electromagnetic waves emitted from mobile simulator with a frequency of 900 MHz, which can increase the permeability of the cell wall of bacteria.
We proposed a method to investigate the effects of the tumor existence that appear on the surface of the tissue. Finite element analysis provided properties such as the shape, depth, and location of the tumor which are important parameters for physicians to distinguish the correct condition of the patients. Several different cases were created and solved by the ANSYS software and Tactile Images and Stress Graphs were extracted. These results clearly showed the existence of the tumor in the tissue. Having made an artificial tactile sensing system, called "Tactile Tumor Detector", which consists of three main components namely: tactile probe, tactile data processor and tactile display and having performed a number of experiments, we obtained good agreements between the numerical and experimental results. In addition to anticipating the presence of a tumor in the tissue and locating the exact place of the tumor, the experimental results help the user to predict the depth of the tumor inside the tissue
Abstract-Nowadays more than 10,000 different types of medical devices can be found in hospitals. In this way, medical electrical equipment is being employed in a wide variety of fields in medical sciences with different physiological effects and measurements.
Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is an abnormal 3-dimensional curvature of the spine that appears in youth. In progressive cases, a small curve may be augmented rapidly and leads the victim to a high-risk surgical operation. Recognition of the AIS in the early stage can help in treating it with noninvasive methods. The goal of the study was to examine the relationship between intervertebral disc morphology and AIS as an applicable index and useful method for developing the screening and recognition of AIS before the start of disease. Based on a biomechanical model, we examined the relationship between AIS and intervertebral disc morphology in the thoracic and lumbar region separately and comparatively. For this purpose, the mean disc height (MDH) in the thoracic (MDHT) and lumbar (MDHL) regions and mean ratio of disc height per vertebral radius (MDHPVR) in the thoracic (MDHPVRT) and lumbar (MDHPVRL) regions were compared between 20 girls with AIS and 20 normal girls as the control group by using magnetic resonance imaging. Although there was a significant difference between the AIS and control group in MDHT (P = .004) and MDHPVRT (P = .006), this difference was more significant in the lumbar region (MDHL, P < .0001, and MDHPVRL, P < .0001). According to obtained results, the relation of MDHPVR and scoliosis can be established and used to develop as a screening method for diagnosis and treatment of adolescents who are exposed to scoliosis disorder at an early stage.
Nowadays, most neonatal or newborn babies are put in infant incubators to overcome distress during the postnatal care. These incubators can be defined as an optimal cabin environment with electronic equipment that enables premature babies with health problems to be able to continue their vital functions and grow. Despite the support of incubators, many newborn deaths are reported within the neonatal period. Similar to any other electromedical equipment, an infant incubator must be calibrated periodically because its malfunction may cause serious damage to the newborn's health or even lead to the newborn's death. So, the reliability of infant incubator is a matter of importance, and the performance and safety of these devices must be regularly verified, at least annually, using adequate analyzer via expert persons.
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