A randomized complete block design with three replicates using 20 genotypes of rain-fed wheat was applied. Cluster analysis of different wheat genotypes segregated the genotypes into 3 groups. Comparison between the groups in the first crop year revealed that the second and third groups exhibited the highest rate of radiation-use efficiency (RUE), and the first group had the lowest. Grain yield was highest in the third group and lowest in the first group, with an average of 219.87 g/m2 and 173.40 g/m2, respectively. In the second crop year, the highest rate of RUE was reported in the first group and lowest in the second and third groups. The highest grain yield was observed in the second group and the lowest in the third group (315.40 g/m2 and 253.75 g/m2, respectively). Based on the results of the biplot, high-yield genotypes in the first year of cultivation included G14 (263.00 g/m2), G20 (264.50 g/m2), G18 (214.00 g/m2) and G19 (222.50 g/m2). Based on the results obtained by cluster and PCA analysis under stress conditions, we concluded that several traits play a role in determining the grain yield of wheat.
Abstract. In this study, the Whole-Body Vibration (WBV) was analyzed on the standing and seated passenger during off-peak operating hours when train was on the track. The experiments were conducted on two car train at one constant location (bogie-1, which is near to driver's cabin) during downward direction from KL sentral station towards Titiwangsa station. The aim of this study was to analyze that, in which posture of passenger's exposures the maximum level of WBV. Since, one passenger was performed the whole journey in standing posture whereas, the other passenger was in seated posture. The result obtained from experiments for the RMS accelerations (Arms), maximum acceleration (Amax) and minimum acceleration (Amin) during the trip. As per standard ISO 2631-1, the daily vibration exposure (A8), Vibration Dose value (VDV) and Crest Factor (CF) of this trip for both standing and sitting orientations were calculated. Results shows that the seated passenger was exposed to longer periods of continuous vibration as compared to the standing passenger. Whereas, the Vibration Dose value (VDV) value was greater than the action value as per ISO 2631-1 and within the limit values. The study concluded that whole body vibration transmitted towards both passengers either standing or seated during their journey. But in overall results comparison of both orientations, the seated passengers gained higher vibration than the standing one.
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