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This paper focuses on the potential of a novel flat sheet nanocomposite titanium dioxide (TiO 2 )-halloysite nanotubes (HNTs)/polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membrane as a photocatalytic separator in the photocatalytic membrane reactor (PMR). The photocatalytic nanocomposite membrane acted the roles of both degradation and separation for bilge water. Both TiO 2 -HNTs photocatalyst and photocatalytic nanocomposite membranes were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) combined energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The hydrocarbon degradation and removal efficiency of the PMR was evaluated by gas chromatography mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). It was found that 99.9% of hydrocarbons were removed by the PMR within 8 h, which is likely due to uniform distribution and high effectiveness of the TiO 2 -HNTs photocatalyst in the PVDF polymer matrix. The TiO 2 leaching from the nanocomposite membrane during the membrane permeation was analyzed using flame atomic adsorption spectrophotometer (AAS), which recorded 1.0 ppb of TiO 2 leaching in the permeate tank.

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