Article InfoLactobacillus bulgaricus S 2 was widely used in fermentation and preservation of food and it was assayed on their fungal inhibitory properties. The aim of this study was to isolate lactic acid bacteria from different habitats and screen these isolates against some mycotoxigenic fungi. The effect of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) on growth of a mycotoxin-producing toxigenic fungi was assayed. Assays were carried out by modified overlay method. Lactobacillus bulgaricus S 2 assays showed growth inhibition of the mycotoxin-producing Aspergillus flavus. Lactobacillus bulgaricus S 2 isolated from sheep milk and selected for its technological properties, showed highest fungal inhibition of the micro-organisms assays. The use of antifungal LAB with excellent technological properties rather than chemical preservatives would enable the food industry to produce organic food without addition of chemical substances.
This review conceptualizes about the actinomycetes and its contribution to human health by playing a key role as bioactive secondary metabolites, such as enzymes, antibiotics and pigments, leading to their diverse applications and use in various industries. These searches have been uncommonly successful, and around 66% of naturally happening antibiotics, including many medically important, have been isolated from actinomycetes. The speedy occurrence of antimicrobial resistance among pathogens has led to a renewed interest to search for novel antimicrobial agents, but these antibiotics are not enough for the treatment of all diseases because there is a berserk requirement for a novel actinomycetes to combat against the antibiotic-resistant strains of pathogenic microorganisms, which are quickly expanding bit by bit. Actinomycetes are the important providers to the pharmaceutical and other industries and are well known for their capacity to produce secondary metabolites many of which are active against pathogenic microorganisms.
Introduction and Aim: There are centers for antibiotics in the nature to treat disease by looking for different sources, for example, actinomycetes, are approximately two-thirds of naturally occurring antibiotics, having much of medical importance, have been isolated from actinomycetes.The aim of the present study was to isolate and to identify the actinomycetes having antagonistic activity.
Materials and Methods: An actinomycetes strain isolated from dam soil sample collected from Alnajl dam of Hadhramout Yemen, showed antibacterial activity against selected microbial pathogens. The nutritional requirements and cultural conditions for maximal growth to produce secondary metabolites have been optimized under shake flask conditions. The growth and production of secondary metabolites were maximal with the use of SCA medium supplemented at pH 7.0, and incubation temperature and time of 37?and 20 days respectively.
Results:Based on morphological, biochemical, physiological and phylogenetic characterization, the strain was identified as Actinoplanes digitatisDnj-2 (MN567713). The ethyl acetate extract (1g/mL) obtained from the isolate showed significant antibacterial activity against Gram-negative bacteria- Escherichiacoli (21cm) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (29cm) and Gram-positive bacteria- Bacillus subtitles(31cm) and Staphylococcus aureus (22cm) when compared with penicillin G 10 units.
Conclusion:In conclusion, the isolated strain has broad spectrum of antagonistic activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negativebacteria.
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