The aim of the present study is to investigate the effect of three entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) (Beauveria bassiana, Cladosporium cladosporioides, and Verticillium alfalfae) on the aphid species, Metopolophium dirhodum (Walker) (Hemiptera: Aphididae). The selected EPF were isolated from the agricultural soil of the National Institute of Plant Protection (INPV) in Constantine, Algeria, and were tested against the aphid insects that were collected from the same area. The aphid species M. dirhodum were exposed to each fungal spore suspensions 10 7 conidia/ml for 10 s. Percent mortality was recorded at 1, 3, 5, and 7 days post treatment. Percentage mortalities, 7 days post treatment, were 95.83, 63.98, and 51.83% by B. bassiana, C. cladosporioides, and V. alfalfae, respectively. The higher protease activities were observed for isolate V. alfalfae with 95 U/ml, followed by B. bassiana with 38.26 U/ml, and finally C. cladosporioides with 35, 65 U/ml. The results presented in this study revealed that there was no relation between high alkaline protease activities and high virulence isolates.
Entomopatojen Funguslar Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) ve Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.)'nin Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)'nın Yumurta ve Larva Dönemlerine Etkisi Effects of entomopathogenic fungi, Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) and Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) on larvae and egg stages of Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) 1 İlk yazarın Lisans Tezinin özetidir. Alınış (Received): 26.07.2012 Kabul tarihi (Accepted): 05.08.2012 ÖZET uta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) Güney Amerika'da domatesin en önemli zararlılarından birisidir. Günümüzde Avrupa ve Kuzey Afrika'dan sonra Türkiye'de de domates üretimi için ana zararlı olarak kabul edilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, entomopatojen funguslardan Beauveria bassiana ve Metarhizium anisopliae'nin T. absoluta'nın hem larva hem de yumurta dönemine karşı etkinlikleri araştırılmıştır. Yapılan çalışmalarda laboratuvarda üretimi yapılan T. absoluta'nın yumurta ve 1. larva dönemindeki bireyleri ile iklim odasında yetiştirilen domates bitkileri kullanılmıştır. Denemeler 4 tekerrürlü olarak yürütülmüştür ve daldırma yöntemi uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen verilerin istatiksel değerlendirmesi sonucunda; B. bassiana'nın 7. ve 9. günler sonunda yumurta dönemi üzerindeki etkinliği %41.67 ve %66.67 olarak gerçekleşirken 1. larva dönemi üzerindeki etkinliği %4,17 ve %12,50 olarak gerçekleşmiştir. Buna karşın M. anisopliae'nin 7. ve 9. günler sonunda yumurta dönemi üzerindeki etkinliği %91.67 ve %100,00 olurken, larva dönemi üzerine etkinliği ise hem 7. hem de 9. gün sonunda %91.67 olarak bulunmuştur. Yapılan laboratuvar çalışmalarında, M. anisopliae'nin larva dönemi üzerinde, B. bassiana'nın yumurta döneminde T. absoluta'nın savaşında etkili bir mikrobiyal savaş etmeni olabilecek potansiyele sahip oldukları sonucuna varılmıştır.
ABSTRACT omato leafminer, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) is wellknown as a serious pest of tomato crops in Europe and South America. After Europe and Northern Africa, it is currently considered as a key pest in tomato fields in Turkey. Using of pesticides to pests, disease and weeds which are problems in agricultural area causes distortion of natural balance, environmental pollution, direct and indirect adverse effect on human healthy and resistance problems.Thus, investigations on microbial control were begun as an alternative method to chemical control. In this study, effects of preparations of entomopathogenic fungi, Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) and Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) on larvae and egg stages of T. absoluta was investigated. The experiment used the immersion method was conducted with four replicates in laboratory. After application, leaves on which larvae and eggs were laid on blotting paper in order to dry and then they were placed in petri dishes. Dead and survival individuals were taken census at 3 rd , 5 th , 7 th and 9 th days. According to statistical analysis of observed data, effect of B. bassiana was 41.67% and 66.67% while effect of M. anisopliae was 91.67% and 100.00% on egg stag...
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