In this study, it was aimed to develop higher yielding winter barley varieties with lodging resistance, medium early maturing and higher grain quality for Central Anatolia and Transitional Zone regions in both irrigated and rainfed conditions. In the trial, 11 lines from Transitional Zone Agriculture Research Institute and varieties such as İnce-04, Larende, Tarm-92, Ünver, Özdemir-05, Erginel-90 and Keser were used as standards. Trials were set up as Randomized Complete Block Design with 4 replications in 2014-2015 growing season in Eskisehir Center, Sultanönü (rainfed) and Soil-Water (irrigated) locations. According to the results of this research, the differences among genotypes were found significant (P<0.01) for all traits in both environments. Lines 9, 10, 11 for grain yield (GY), Erginel-90 for plant height, lines 1, 10, 11 and Larende for 1000 kernel weight in irrigated conditions, lines 5, 8 and 10 in rainfed conditions were prominent. Lines 1, 3, 9 were found as early heading genotypes. Negative correlation was found significant between grain yield and lodging score, days to heading parameters. Whereas, positive correlation was found between 1000 kernel weight and grain yield. When all the parameters were evaluated together, it is determined that the lines 10 and 11 were prominent.

Bu araştırmada amaç, Orta Anadolu Bölgesinde kıraç koşullarda yüksek verimli, abiyotik ve biyotik streslere dayanıklı ve istenilen kalitede arpa çeşitlerinin ıslah edilmesi olup Geçit Kuşağı Tarımsal Araştırma Enstitüsü Müdürlüğü'nce (GKTAEM) yürütülen arpa ıslah projesi kapsamında 2012-2013 sezonu bölge verim denemesi seviyesinde yer alan 19 'u hat ve 5 'i standart çeşit (Erginel90, İnce04, Özdemir05, Keser ve Tarm92) olmak üzere 24 genotip kullanılmıştır. Denemeler 5 farklı çevrede tesadüf blokları deneme desenine göre 4 tekerrürlü olarak kurulmuştur. Araştırmada incelenen unsurlar tane verim (TV), bin tane ağırlığı (BTA) ve tane protein oranı (TPO)'dır. Bu çalışmada incelenen her üç parametre açısından genotipler ve çevreler arası farklılıklar ile genotip x çevre interaksiyonu önemli bulunmuştur. Araştırmada TV için deneme ortalaması 3.91 ton ha-1 olurken, standart çeşitlerin ortalaması 4.30 ton ha-1 olarak belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışmada 3, 4, 8, 16 ve 21 nolu hatların standartlar ortalamasının üzerinde TV elde edilirken bu hatların aynı zamanda diğerlerinden daha stabil oldukları tespit edilmiştir. En yüksek BTA ortalama 53 g ile 3 nolu hattan alınırken, en yüksek TPO % 14.3 ortalama ile hat12'den elde edilmiştir. Çevrelere bakıldığında en yüksek TV ve BTA Eskişehir'den alınırken, en yüksek TPO Hamidiye çevresinden alınmıştır. Anahtar kelimeler : Arpa, tane verim, bin tane ağırlığı, tane protein oranı

To meet the increasing raw material demand of the livestock and food sectors in our country is a need for new high-quality barley varieties that have a short vegetation period, resistance to lodging, homogeneous and plump grain, high grain and biomass yield, and compatible with the climate of the Central Anatolia Region. To meet this need, it was aimed to determine the appropriate lines by comparing 18 advanced barley lines belonging to the Transitional Zone Agricultural Research Institute with the standard varieties widely grown in the region. The trials were carried out in two locations, Eskişehir Center and Hamidiye fields of the Transitional Zone Agricultural Research Institute in the 2017-2018 crop year, in rainfed conditions. The trials were set up as a randomized complete block design with 4 replications in Eskişehir and 3 replications in Hamidiye. In the study, grain yield, days to heading, plant height, lodging score, thousand-grain weight, plump grain ratio, grain protein, and betaglucan ratio properties of the breeding material were investigated. According to the results of the analysis of variance by combining the location averages, the differences between genotypes in all parameters except the betaglucan ratio were found to be statistically significant. In the study were obtained that grain yield is between 4.56-6.67 t ha -1 ; days to heading are between 115.4 -124 days; plant height is between 81.6-101.4 cm; lodging score is between 0-100%; thousand-grain weight is between 35.7-47.4 g; the plump grain ratio is between 52.0-94.3%; grain protein content is between 10.05-12.75%; ß-glucan values are between 3.67-4.33% were obtained. Also, in the correlation analysis, a negative relationship was found significant between grain yield and days to heading, lodging score, and protein content characteristics, while a relationship was found significant to be positive with the plump grain ratio feature. When all the parameters are evaluated together, it is seen that lines 8, 11, 13, 14, 18, and 22 stand out as candidates for variety.

In wheat cultivation, sowing frequency is one of the crucial agronomic applications affecting grain yield. The aim of the research was to determine the effects of application of different sowing frequency (350, 500, 650 and 800 seeds m-2) for bread wheat cultivars (Alpu 01, Atay 85, Bezostaja 1, Harmankaya 99, Sönmez 01 and Sultan 95) on yield and yield components. Trials was carried out in Transitional Zone Agricultural Research Institute Eskişehir central campus fields during at 2012-13 and 2013-14 crop seasons in irrigated and rain fed conditions with 3 replications in randomized complete blocks design. In this study, the factors such as grain yield, number of spike per square meter, spike length, number of grain per spike, weight of grain per spike and harvest index were examined in terms of sowing frequency applications and cultivars in both conditions. As a result, the maximum grain yield was obtained from 650 seeds m-2 in rainfed conditions and this value was obtained from the application 500 seeds m-2 in irrigated conditions. Harmankaya_99 variety reached the highest values in terms of grain yield in both conditions and followed this by Alpu01 variety. In both conditions spike length, number of grain per spike, weight of grain per spike and harvest index parameters decreased inversely with increasing sowing frequency, while the number of spike number per square meter increased in direct proportion to increased sowing frequency. In rainfed conditions while there was a positive correlation between the grain yield with number of spike per square meter and harvest index, there was negative correlation among grain yield with spike length, number of grain per spike and weight of grain per spike. There was found significant positive correlation between grain yield with spike length and harvest index in irrigated conditions.