Aims To examine levels of social support and quality of life (QOL) and to examine the association between social support and QOL in patients receiving haemodialysis (HD) treatment. Design A cross‐sectional study. Method social support and QOL were measured using the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived social Support (MSPSS) and the World Health Organization QOL‐BREF questionnaires, respectively. A convenience sample of 195 patients receiving HD from different dialysis units across Jordan completed the questionnaires. Results Respondents scored highest on the social relationships domain of QOL (55.5 SD 21.4) compared with the lowest mean scores of the physical and environmental domains (48.6 SD 20.4; 46.2 SD 17.3, respectively). social support had a positive significant association with quality of life. Multiple linear regression identified age and social support as influencing factors, explaining 24.6% of the total variance in the social domain of quality of life. Understanding the relationship between social support and QOL in patients receiving HD may provide guidance to the healthcare providers, family members and social services about the importance of social support to this group of patients.

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The aim of this systematic review was to answer these questions: What does spirituality means to patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD)? And are there associations between spirituality and the health outcomes and general well-being of patients with ESRD? Thirty-three studies met the review criteria. Meaning of spirituality for patients with ESRD and spirituality in the lives of patients with ESRD were the main themes emerged. There is growing evidence that suggests a positive relationship between spirituality and the health outcomes and well-being of ESRD patients. However, the evidence is incomplete and there is a need for further research to enhance our understanding of the role of spirituality in improving the health outcomes and well-being of ESRD patients.