Allergic rhinitis (AR) is one of the most common diseases in the world, which is based on immunoglobulin E (IgE) – mediated inflammation that develops after contact with various allergens. About 40 % of people suffer from various allergic diseases, every 3 rd inhabitant of the Earth has symptoms of allergic rhinitis and every 10 th has bronchial asthma. The early phase of allergen binding to IgE antibodies occurs within a few minutes after contact, the late phase develops after 4–6 hours. In addition to the airborne pathway of penetration, contact with the allergen is possible through the skin and mucous membranes, gastrointestinal tract, with parenteral administration of drugs. Taking into account the etiotropic factor, there are year-round allergic rhinitis (CAR) and seasonal (SAR). By the nature of the course, intermittent and persistent allergic rhinitis are distinguished. The most basic symptoms of allergic rhinitis include: sneezing, rhinorrhea, nasal congestion, itching, decreased sense of smell. Treatment includes antihistamines, intranasal steroids, leukotriene receptor antagonists and immunotherapy. To date, antihistamines of the second generation are recommended and widely used for the treatment of patients with allergic rhinitis, the main representative of which is levocetirizine (levocetirizine dihydrochloride). The purpose of the work is an analytical review of the results of clinical trials of levocetirizine for allergic rhinitis. The article discusses in detail the prevalence, etiology and pathogenesis, classification of the disease, treatment regimens for patients with allergic rhinitis, and provides two own clinical observations. Based on the data of a number of studies, the advantages of using antihistamines of the second generation in allergic rhinitis have been demonstrated, expanding not only the possibilities of treating patients, but also preventing the transition of the disease into a chronic process.
Allergic rhinitis (AR) is one of the most common diseases in the world, which is based on IgE-mediated inflammation that develops after exposure to various allergens. About 40% of people suffer from the same or other allergic diseases, every third inhabitant of the Earth has symptoms of AR and every tenth has bronchial asthma. According to the ARIA classification, ARs are divided: by the nature of the flow, by the severity of the flow and by the stage of the flow; for symptoms, the proposed therapy, consisting of sequential steps. Groups of drugs include: systemic or topical blockers of histamine H1 receptors, intranasal and systemic corticosteroids, mast cell stabilizers (intranasal cromones), M-antagonists, antagonists of leukotriene receptors. Medicines do not give a lasting effect after their cancellation, therefore, with persistent AR, treatment should be prolonged; methods of application more often oral or intranasal. The advantages of the pharmacological antiallergic effect of InHCS are the simultaneous inhibition of both the early and late phases of the allergic response and the inhibition of all AR symptoms. The advantage of InHCS over oral administration is the minimal risk of developing systemic side effects against the background of the creation of adequate concentrations of the substance in the nasal mucosa, which allows to control the symptoms of AR. Based on data from a number of studies, the advantages of intrasal corticosteroids for AR, in particular fluticasone propionate, are used.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.