The article introduces a complex approach for the development and implementation of information systems for small and medium-sized enterprises based on small business specifics and customer requirements evaluation of the system being developed. The proposed approach is based on customer requirements modeling and management in systems development and deployment processes. We consider information system is an integral part of the technological process of a company's management, a part of business. Information system's effectiveness analysis with regard of their consumers by means of conceptual modeling will allow small and mediumsized enterprises make a grounded decision when choosing a program system before its implementation.
Nowadays, small and middle enterprises (SME´s) competitiveness increasingly depends on their ability to adapt successfully to a rapidly changing business environment. Because of this information system that provides integrated support for all business procceses of an enterprise must be highly dynamic and flexible. Service-oriented architecture (SOA) considered as a set of interacting web services is able to ensure the information system flexibility, reduce software development, maintenance and upgrades costs, and thereby increase responsiveness of the system to changing business requirements. In service-oriented design web-services have a direct impact on the possibility of development, adaptation and modernization of the information system. The paper discusses principles and methods for SOA design for SME´s considering the structure of business processes as a basis of coordinated service interactions. Taking into account the business requirements the problem of web services optimal selection for service-oriented information system is solved. The problem of web service selection is formulated as a problem of choice with fuzzy preferences. Fuzzy logic and expert methods are used for evaluation and selection of web services. The developed procedures allow the user to evaluate and select from a set of available services the services with the required functionality and quality. The proposed fuzzy model and algorithms of web services selection provide the effective decision-support mechanisms for construction of SOA-based systems for small and middle enterprises.Тhe new approach helps SME's to strengthen competitiveness through developing the information systems with flexible structure that allows to consider all changes in business environment, and reduce the time-tomarket with the system.
АННОТАЦИЯ:В статье проведен теоретический обзор концепций и теорий, научных исследований в области использования профессиональных экспертных сообществ. Дана формулировка понятия, выделены его особенности по сравнению с другими подобными формами самоорганизации людей. Предварительный анализ исследуемого предметного поля показал, что в настоящее время отсутствуют концептуальные и методологические основания для рассмотрения категории «профессиональные экспертные сообщество», не определено их значение в системе экономических отношений. Проделана работа по изучению опыта ряда компаний по использованию профессиональных экспертных сообществ в своей деятельности. Выделены основные необходимые условия для эффективной работы сообществ и их участников.Цель: выявить позитивный эффект от использования профессиональных экспертных сообществ внутри организации.Методы: анализ научной литературы, анализ практики использования профессиональных сообществ для решения организационных задач.Научная новизна: применяемый синтез теоретических и практических методов позволил авторам определить концептуальные основы профессиональных экспертных сообществ внутри организации, выявить и обосновать позитивный экономический эффект от внедрения и развития профессиональных экспертных сообществ в предприятии.Результаты: Анализ опыта успешных компаний показывает, что экспертные профессиональные сообщества представляют собой субъект, чьи действия и активность могут приносить значительный эффект для компании. Но чтобы добиться этого эффекта, необходима слаженная управленческая работа по переводу потенциала экспертов в деятельностное русло.
With the spread of information technologies in the field of tourism and the emergence of a specific sector of e-tourism, an increasingly urgent problem is not the traditional search for relevant information on the Internet, but the search for personally oriented, personalized information adapted to the individual needs of specific users. The main issue in e-tourism is to determine the most suitable tourist resources from the many available for use by a particular user. Recommender systems in e-tourism provide the mechanism of satisfying customized users’ requirements by supplying them with adequate information about travel resources and services. The implementation of tourist goals can be carried out by a variety of different combinations of travel services. The optimal selection of services is a complex multi-alternative task due to the lack of data about the quality of services and the complexity of the description of user preferences. The paper considers the possibility of using fuzzy logic to the development of the e-tourism support system. Based on user profile data, web services that provide information about travel services, and ratings of services by other users, the system evaluates various alternatives of service’s composition and selects the recommended objects (hotels, flights, restaurants, car rental, museums, etc.). The service-oriented paradigm has been proposed to model the composition of tourism services, and fuzzy logic is used to evaluate the quality and compliance of tourism services with user requests and preferences. The proposed fuzzy logic-based approach analyzes the quality of travel services for personal recommendations to the tourist. The proposed model can provide decision support to users to select the most appropriate travel services and to plan a trip.
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