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This study aimed to identify shifts in the Serrasalmus brandtii Lütken, 1875 diet related to body size. Specimens were collected from April 1992 to January 1993 at the Cajuru Reservoir, in the Pará River, São Francisco River Basin, by seining the shore with nets of nylon, 1 mm opening, and with gill nets. Stomach contents of 152 individuals measuring 15-192 mm SL were examined. Food items were identified and weighed separately. For qualitative analysis, the frequency of occurrence method was used. The relative importance of each food component was determined based on the alimentary index (IA i ). The frequencies of occurrence data were subjected to cluster analysis using the Canberra coefficient of dissimilarity and UPGMA as the cluster method. Distinctive gradual changes in food habits, associated with body size, were identified in this species. The smaller individuals fed predominantly on microcrustaceans and insect larvae. The intermediate size classes ingested insects, fish fins, fish scales, and chunks of fish flesh, in this order of importance. For the larger pirambebas, fish was the most abundant food category identified, followed by insects.Key words: Serrasalmus brandtii, body size, trophic ecology, reservoir, similarity. RESUMOModificações na dieta da pirambeba Serrasalmus brandtii Lütken, 1875 (Osteichthyes, Serrasalminae), em relação ao tamanho corpóreo no reservatório Cajuru, bacia do rio São Francisco, Brasil

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Fish assemblage composition and seasonal patterns of species abundance were studied in Cabaceiras stream, a tributary of the Mogi Guaçu river in São Paulo State, Brazil. Three stations were sampled monthly from June 1999 to May 2000 using sieves and small trawl net and gill nets. Fifteen fish families, 37 genera and 45 species were captured. Characiformes (27 spp.) and Siluriformes (13 spp.) were the most species-rich orders. Gymnotiformes and Perciformes were represented by two species each, and Synbranchiformes had only a single species. One group of species (approximately 75 %) persisted in the stream throughout the year. A second group (approximately 25 %) contained species that only occupy the stream for a limited period of their life cycle, and overall fish assemblage composition was associated with the seasonal flood cycle.

Apone, F.; Oliveira, A. K.; Garavello, J. C. Ichthyofaunistic composition of the Quilombo river, tributary of the Mogi-Guaçu river, upper Paraná river basin, southeastern Brazil. Biota Neotrop., vol. 8, no. 1, Jan./Mar. 2008. Available from: . Abstract:A study about fish composition in the Quilombo river, of the upper Paraná hydrographic system, is presented. We aimed to identify which species inhabit this small river, to verify the frequency they occur and to study the longitudinal distribution of the ichthyofauna. Fish were sampled for a period of one year and ten months (September 2003 to June 2005 at four collection sites defined through the river basin, comprising dry and wet seasonal periods. Trawlnet, gillnets, seine net, sieves and hooks were used for fish sample. Fish collected were immediately fixed in 10% formalin solution. In the laboratory specimens were preserved in ethanol 70%, identified and deposited in the fish collection of the Laboratório de Ictiologia Sistemática (LISDEBE) of the Departamento de Ecologia e Biologia Evolutiva of the Universidade Federal de São Carlos. An amount of 2982 specimens belonging to 6 orders, 19 families, 52 genera and 68 species were collected. The orders Characiformes (57.3%) and Siluriformes (30.9%) predominated in terms of species richness. The orders Gymnotiformes, Cyprinodontiformes, Perciformes and Synbranchiformes summed 11.8% of total fish richness. The analysis of constancy revealed that the ichthyofaunistic composition in the middle and lower sampled stretches suffered higher temporal variability in comparison to upper stretches of Quilombo river basin. The similarity (Jaccard index) among samples showed that each collection site have distinct assemblages of fish. Resumo: Um estudo sobre a composição ictiofaunística do rio Quilombo foi realizado com o intuito de identificar quais espécies de peixes habitam a bacia, com que freqüência tais espécies são encontradas e verificar variações na distribuição longitudinal desta ictiofauna. Foram demarcados quatro pontos de coletas distribuídos na bacia, os quais foram visitados 21 vezes ao longo de um ano e dez meses (entre setembro de 2003 e junho de 2005), abrangendo os períodos seco e úmido que ocorrem anualmente na região estudada. Para coleta dos peixes foram utilizadas diferentes artes de pesca: tarrafas, redes de espera, rede de arrasto, peneiras, linha e anzol. Os peixes foram fixados em formalina 10%, conservados em etanol 70%, identificados e encontram-se depositados na coleção de peixes do Laboratório de Ictiologia Sistemática do Departamento de Ecologia e Biologia Evolutiva da UFSCar. Foram coletados 2982 exemplares, os quais estão divididos em 6 ordens, 19 famílias, 52 gêneros e 68 espécies. As ordens Characiformes (57,3%) e Siluriformes (30,9%) tiveram maior participação no total de espécies em relação às ordens Gymnotiformes, Cyprinodontiformes, Perciformes e Synbranchiformes, que juntas somaram 11,8% da riqueza. A análise da c...

This article concerns an inventory of the ichthyofauna from the main channel of the mid-Tocantins River and studies on fisheries in this region including an evaluation of activities from Colônia de Pesca Z-35 of Estreito and Carolina in Tocantins and Maranhão States, Brazil, during 1999 and 2000. This study includes taxonomy and fishery data obtained from field collections and from interviews with the fishermen, carried out in March and July of 2001. The systematic record and fishery data were obtained from the most common species of the ichthyofauna of the mid-Tocantins River. A critical examination of fish resources from this area allows us to conclude that the large commercial species have decreased in number and are qualitatively reduced in that area of Tocantins. This fact may be a result of breaking the main channel of Tocantins, first by the hydroelectric power dam of Tucurui, twenty years ago, followed by the formation of the hydroelectric reservoirs of Lageado, Peixe Angical and Serra da Mesa, that transformed the main channel of Tocantins into a successive cascade of reservoirs. Those events may perhaps modify the profile of the fish community in that area. The obtained data also permit an examination of fisheries in the area, providing an appraisal on forthcoming problems that will be faced by fishermen of Colônia de Pesca Z-35.Keywords: neotropical, freshwater fishes, fishery and fishermen, Tocantins, Maranhão, Brazil. Ictiofauna, recursos pesqueiros e a atividade da pesca no médio Rio Tocantins no Estado do Maranhão, Brasil ResumoEste artigo versa sobre a ictiofauna e avalia o estado da atividade pesqueira nos municípios de Estreito e Carolina no médio rio Tocantins, na divisa dos estados do Maranhão e Tocantins. O artigo reúne estudos taxonômicos e apresenta dados da ictiofauna relatando sobre a atividade de pescadores nos meses de março e julho de 2001. Estes dados são complementados por uma discussão sobre dados pesqueiros obtidos junto à Colônia de Pesca Z-35 de Estreito em 1999 e 2000. O estudo da ictiofauna e dos recursos pesqueiros levantados permitiram um exame sobre as reduções e supressões de espécies comerciais ocorridas no elenco da ictiofauna do médio rio Tocantins. O estudo ainda conclui que esta redução qualitativa na ictiofauna desta área pode ser primeiramente atribuída ao fechamento da barragem da hidrelétrica de Tucurui há cerca de vinte anos e secundariamente à formação dos reservatórios das hidrelétricas, Lageado, Peixe Angical e Serra da Mesa, que transformaram a calha do Tocantins em uma cascata de reservatórios causando modificações na ictiofauna. Os dados permitem ainda a revisão da atividade pesqueira e uma análise dos problemas futuros que os pescadores da Colônia Z-35 de Estreito poderão enfrentar.Palavras-chave: neotropical, peixes de água doce, pescadores, Tocantins, Maranhão, Brasil.575 Braz.

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In this paper we compiled a fish list obtained from field collections performed between 1999 and 2005 in four tributaries of the Rio Mogi Guaçu, upper Rio Paraná basin, São Paulo State, Brazil. The collected fishes belong to six orders, 21 families, 60 genera and 82 species. The number of species represents 20 to 30% of the fish richness for the entire upper Rio Paraná basin according to recent estimates. A comparison to earlier published fish lists of the Rio Mogi Guaçu basin, chiefly from its main river channel, is also presented.