Prunella vulgaris L. (Lamiaceae family) species is widespread throughout the world and the fruit-spike is used in folk medicine in many countries. The Romanian resource of Prunellae spica is poorly studied from a phytochemical and pharmacological point of view; accordingly, the present study aimed to evaluate the anti-ulcer action of a hydroalcoholic extract of this species with standardized polyphenol content. The extracts used were phytochemically characterized by the total polyphenol content (TPC) and by the determination of the constituents (phenol-carboxylic acids, flavonoids) by HPLC-MS/MS. Quantitative analysis showed the presence of flavonoids in glycosidic form in fairly large quantities (hyperoside, rutoside, isoquercitrin); on the other hand, smaller quantities of aglycones (quercetol, kaempferol, apigenin) were identified and quantified. Moreover, phenolcarboxylic acids, such as caftaric, ferulic, p-coumaric acid, were measured. Two types of doses (high dose-50 mg/kg body weight (kgbw), respectively low dose 10 mg/ kgbw, values expressed in gallic acid equivalents) were administered preventively/curatively in rats with phenylbutazone-induced ulcer; ranitidine at 50 mg/kgbw was used as an activity control. Efficacy was quantified by measuring ulcer index, as well as by examination of gross features and histopathological changes. The hydroalcoholic extracts of Prunella vulgaris L. proved to have a dose-dependent antiulcerous action in curative treatment. As the titratable acidity is not decreased by the treatment, the effect is mediated by the prevention of oxidative inflammation of the mucosa. Histopathological results confirmed these in vivo results. Prunellae spica of Romanian origin is a plant resource rich in polyphenols that has shown protective effects on nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID)-related gastric ulcer. The observed effects are dose-dependent, probably mediated by inhibition of oxidative stress in the mucosa and promotion of regeneration processes. Rezumat Specia Prunella vulgaris L. (Lamiaceae) este răspândită în întreaga lume, iar fructul este folosit în medicina populară în multe țări. Resursa românească de Prunellae spica este puțin studiată din punct de vedere fitochimic și farmacologic, în consecință, prezentul studiu a avut ca scop evaluarea acțiunii anti-ulceroase a unui extract hidroalcoolic din această specie cu conținut standardizat de polifenoli. Extractele utilizate au fost caracterizate fitochimic prin conținutul total de polifenoli (TPC) și prin determinarea constituenților (acizi fenol-carboxilici, flavonoizi) prin HPLC-MS/MS. Analiza cantitativă a arătat prezența flavonoidelor în formă glicozidică în cantități mari (hiperozid, rutozid, izoquercitrin), pe de altă parte, au fost identificate și cuantificate cantități mai mici de agliconi (quercetol, kaempferol, apigenină). Mai mult, au fost cuantificați acizii fenol-carboxilici, ca acidul caftaric, ferulic, p-cumaric. Două tipuri de doze (doză mare-50 mg/kgc, respectiv doză mică 10 mg/kgc, valori exprimate în ech...
Background: Prunella vulgaris L., known as self-healing herb, is a widely spread species in the spontaneous flora with beneficial effects on human health, a fact proven in particular by Asian researchers. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antitumor activity and the antibacterial effect on different bacterial strains, including multidrug-resistant ones, depending on the type of solvent used (aqueous, hydroalcoholic), the plant product taken into consideration (spike inflorescence, leaf), its quantity and the concentration of active principles.Material and method: For screening of antimicrobial susceptibility, both minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration were determined on Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Providencia stuartii, Pseudomonas aeruginosai, and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus species, including reference strains and hospital strains. Leaves and flower extracts (aqueous and 70% methanolic) were first assessed, and the one with the best antibacterial potential was further tested as a concentrated extract. The antitumor activity was determined on MDA-MB-231 breast adenocarcinoma cells and on a non-tumor cell line, MCF-10A breast epithelial cells by means of Alamar blue technique and Scratch assay.Results: Inflorescence extracts showed better bacteriostatic effects than leaf extracts on most bacteria, in both aqueous and hydroalcoholic extracts. The concentrated extract of spike inflorescence showed measurable activity with good effects on Gram-positive bacteria, but also on multidrug-resistant Gram-negative ones. The 70% methanolic extract of the species Prunella vulgaris L. (spike inflorescence) demonstrated a concentration-dependent cytotoxic and anti-migratory activity on MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells, while affecting the non-tumor cell line less.Conclusions: The results suggest that Prunella vulgaris extracts present antibacterial potential in the complementary treatment of multidrug-resistant infections. The extract from the spike inflorescence of Prunella vulgaris L. produced a dose and time-dependent reduction in cell viability and migration, eliciting a stronger effect on the breast adenocarcinoma cell line.
Objective: One of the most common side effects of haloperidol is the extrapyramidal syndrome, resulting from inhibition of nigrostriatal dopaminergic circuits and mitochondrial dysfunction due to structural similarities to pyridinium derivative, MPP+ that induce oxidative stress. In exchange, the use of metformin appears to enhance neurogenesis, energy metabolism, and oxidative status, so these properties can be speculated in the context of drug-induced pseudoparkinsonism by haloperidol. Methods: To assess motor coordination and activity, rodents were divided into four groups: CTR (n = 10) - animals that received distilled water, METF (n = 10) - animals that received metformin 500 mg / kgbw, HAL (n = 10) - animals that received haloperidol 2mg / kgbw, HALMETF (n = 10) - haloperidol 2mg / kgbw and metformin 500 mg / kgbw. The treatment was administered for 34 days at the same time by gastric gavage, during which time behavioral tests, rotarod (days 7, 14, 21, 28), catalepsy (day 30), open field (day 32) and novel object recognition (day 34) were performed. Results: The monitored parameters, showed significant differences between the groups of interest (HAL and HALMETF respectively), so that the administration of metformin at the beginning of treatment reduces the cataleptic behavior. The HALMETF group shows an attenuation of the motor deficit during the rotarod test and the freezing period from the Open Field test, is diminished. Conclusions: Metformin treatment has a beneficial effect in haloperidol-treated rats, demonstrated by decreased cataleptic behavior, improved motor performance and reduced haloperidol-induced anxiety behavior.
Background: Heart transplantation is still the treatment of choice in patients with end-stage heart failure, refractory to medical treatment, in NYHA class III and IV, with dilated cardiomyopathy of various etiologies, including post-myocardial infarction.Objective: The aim of the study was to provide a descriptive analysis of the clinical, laboratory, and imaging parameters of patients undergoing heart transplantation during the pre- and postoperative period, as well as postoperative complications (including infections) and death rates.Material and methods: The variables collected from 53 patients who underwent a heart transplant were: age at heart transplant, gender, diagnosis at hospitalization, comorbidities, pre- and postoperative virology, pre- and postoperative laboratory analyses, pre- and postoperative echocardiography, post-transplant infections, complications, and treatment before and after the surgery.Results: Mean age at the time of transplant was 40.72 ± 14.07 years, and the majority (84.91%) of patients were males. The mean age of the donors was 31.92 ± 10.59 years. A proportion of 60.40% of patients were included in functional class NYHA IV, and 98.1% presented dilative cardiomyopathy of which 49.06% was due to previous myocardial infarction. No significant differences were observed between preand postoperative viral and bacterial serology. Left ventricular ejection fraction was significantly higher in the transplanted heart, and cardiac chamber diameters were significantly smaller after the transplant. Postoperative complications included 7 confirmed infections and 16 deaths, of which 5 had occurred during the surgical procedure.Conclusions: The present study brings important information in regard to the pre- and postoperative evaluation of patients with end-stage heart failure undergoing cardiac transplantation, from a clinical, laboratory, and imaging point of view, as well as in regard to postoperative complications and death.
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