Artificial irradiation in protected ground structures is use for growing seedlings and for breeding purposes. Despite the increase in the cost of seedlings, additional lighting is effective, since it increases the yield by 20 … 30% and accelerates its production by 10 … 15 days [1]. Electrostimulation of plants of this development is carried out by intensifying plant growth by creating an optimal spectrum and regulating lighting depending on the actual natural illumination, automatic spectrum control for various plants, and irrigation system. The effectiveness of the development is to improve the useful properties of plants, reduce the cost of caring for them, which allows you to engage in a family business. The disadvantage of this installation is the need for high labor costs due to growing plants without taking into account the objective need for timely watering with foliar spray with a nutrient solution or timely feeding of the nutrient solution directly into the ground, depending on the soil moisture. In addition, the method does not provide for the cultivation of tomato seedlings in the presence of objective control of insufficient illumination in winter, requiring additional illumination for the required period of time with a certain duration for the effectiveness of the process.
A quantitative assessment of the current state of natural fodder areas located in the Turano-Uyuk basin (Tuva) was made. Vegetation monitoring was carried out on the basis of Terra Modis satellite data by the following indicators: normalized vegetation index, gross primary production (GPP) and evapotranspiration. The productivity of plant associations was compared, their growth rate and the degree of GPP dependence on the sum of temperatures and evapotranspiration were determined. The results of ground-based studies performed by generally accepted methods were used for verifi cation. Remote indicators of gross production for the growing season ranged from 33.3 t/ha for halophytic meadows, and up to 48.8 t/ ha for wetland habitats. Depending on the species composition, gross productivity of glycophytic meadows during the growing season was 39.9– 48.7 t/ ha. A comparison of the data showed signifi cant differences in the remote and actual productivity of fodder areas, which can be leveled by means of correlation with the ground-based indicators. The best results of the relationship between gross primary production and the vegetation index with the sum of positive temperatures were identifi ed by polynomial equations of the third degree. The maximum period of phytomass development of natural fodder areas (meadow communities) was recorded before the beginning of June. Biological and environmental differences in the growth of vegetation during the season were noted in the period from 10-11 June to 19-20 July. The decrease in the accumulation of gross primary production by mid-July and the end of September was caused by weather conditions. The optimal grazing periods in the meadows in the Turano-Uyuk basin were determined.
The subject of the study is the course of the dynamics of vegetation productivity on the dumps of the surface mine «Izykhsky» (2000-2019), using Terra Modis. The aim is to identify patterns of seasonal and long-term dynamics of restored vegetation as a result of succession according to images. The methodology included processing information on gross primary production and evapotranspiration, as well as identifying the relationship with meteorological data for 2018-2019. There is a positive trend in the long-term dynamics – in terms of total gross primary production from 1.7 to 5.5 kg/m2/8 days and in evapotranspiration from 1142 to 2784 kg/m2/8 days. The evapotranspiration correlated with the productivity. Since 2016, productivity has reached a plateau, which indicates the development of ecological niches by plants. The phytomass of the restored vegetation was in 1.5 times greater, than the mass of the steppe site. Seasonal dynamics in 2019 showed that communities on dumps have higher productivity, in contrast to the steppe, and one peak in the first ten days of July. The sum of temperatures and productivity had a high relationship (R2 = 0.7) in comparison with the steppe (R2 = 0.2). Terra Modis data can be applied in the field of ecological monitoring of vegetation of coal dumps.
The article presents the results of a quantitative assessment of the productivity of agrocoenosis according to Terra MODIS within the steppe zone of Khakasia. The gross primary production of various agrocoenosis during the growing season ranges from 3.42 to 7.41 kg/m 2 . On average, the integral productivity for the growing season of 2018 was for wheat -5.01 ± 1.04 kg / m
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