At the current stage of economic development, there is a lot of discussions about optimization policies, which have become widespread in both the industrial and sociocultural spheres. There are ambiguous positions on the justification of its application and various interpretations of the phenomenon itself, which balance in the corridor of polar opinions from categorically negative, to acceptable and necessary. Despite the fact that economic experts traditionally see optimization as a way to improve the efficiency of all management systems and, consequently, increase the competitiveness of the national economy, among the population the latest results of such a policy have been persistently rejected. Moreover, optimization is perceived by most people primitively, through simple cutback of the number of social institutions, merger of enterprises, monopoly threats that leads to job losses, on the one hand, and towards quality deterioration of goods and services, on the other hand. Meanwhile, optimization remains the key factor of the growth of the competitiveness of the economy in a global scale. Thus, it is necessary to investigate the phenomenon of optimization of the socio-economic sphere, to understand the reasons for the divergence of the concept itself and to analyze possible options for adapting the optimization strategy to modern Russian conditions.
Objective: To consider the causes and ways to reduce voltage sags on resonant track relays of track circuits with dssh-2 relays. Methods: Analysis of voltage depressions causes on a track relay with track circuit, free of rolling stock on rails, was carried out by means of natural experiments with oscillography and voltage on a track relay analysis, as well as measurement of insulation resistance of rail lines and the inductances of the main windings of transformers. Results: It was determined that one of the causes of voltage depressions on road relays were the transverse asymmetry of the resistance of rail lines caused by metal chips generated by pantograph trains when passing a nonoverlayable interval on the approach to the station. The impact of longitudinal spin asymmetry of rail line resistance on voltage sags, which is formed by a variation in inductance of the primary winding sections of an impedance bond. The relationship of voltage sags and the methods of rolling stock handling as well as places of electric power cut-offs’ was studied. Practical importance: The rule of connecting the main windings of transformers to the rails of sections was proposed, in order to reduce the impact of the variation in total inductance of transformers’ sections on the longitudinal asymmetry of rail line resistance. The conducted research made it possible to determine the causes and ways to reduce voltage dips on the resonant track relays of track circuits with dssh-2 relays.
This article proposes a methodological approach to the assessment of regional human capital based on its innovation and investment component. It is substantiated that it is human capital that is the fundamental factor of economic growth in the regions of our country, capable of ensuring their competitiveness in the future. Approaches for understanding human capital are summarized, the structure of the region's human capital is analyzed, on the basis of which a qualitative and quantitative approach to its assessment is formed, which most clearly reflects the innovative and investment components of the formation and development of human capital at the regional level. Assessment of the region's human capital is of the most important national economic importance, serving for the purposes of strategic management of territories and planning investments in the reproduction of resources at the meso-level. The necessity of adjusting investments in human capital using the coefficients of quality and innovativeness of the region's human capital introduced by the authors is substantiated; the composition and content of the coefficients proposed in the method are presented. Some results of assessing the human capital of the Belgorod region according to the proposed method are presented. Keywords-human capital, region, innovative person, assessment of human capital of region, quality ratios of human capital of region.
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