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The aim of this article is to give an overview of the basic ideas of the book “Mesoeconomics: State and perspectives” and to exemplify some distinctive features of the Russian style of economic thinking. Special attention is given to identification of the key elements of Russian mesoeconomics. The author believes that despite not sound enough conceptual framework mesoeconomics is a rather promising field of economic research. It is shown that one of the most important features of doing research in economics in Russia is creative reception of foreign concepts and desire to adapt them to solving practical problems.

General problems of structural changes which occur at storage of two‐phase crystalline polymers with a metastable structure at room conditions are considered on the example of a vinylidene fluoride ‐ hexafluoropropylene copolymer. The physical aging occurs in flexible‐chain crystalline polymers (polyethylene, fluoropolymers under consideration, etc.), where, due to low glass transition temperatures, the liquid‐like dynamics of amorphous phase chains is realized at room temperature through cooperative micro‐Brownian motions with short relaxation times. Taking into account that covalent‐bound sections of the chains of the amorphous phase can enter the crystallites, the noted mobility may initiate changes in the size of the latter. Such a possibility is proved by the example of the noted copolymer. At low‐temperature crystallization of a vinylidene fluoride ‐ hexafluoropropylene copolymer from a solution the formed α‐phase crystals have little perfection. The size of the crystals increases when the films are stored in room conditions. Because of the crystal polymorphism, at the same time a certain fraction of γ‐phase crystals which are present in initial films undergo a polymorphic transformation γ → α. These processes lead to an increase in crystallinity. Moreover, during such processes additional structuring is observed, which is reduced to the displacement of various kinds of intra‐chain defects into the amorphous phase (and especially into the surface). Since the copolymers under study are ferroelectrics, they were studied by piezo force microscopy. It was found that despite the crystallization predominantly in nonpolar α‐phase, piezo force microscopy revealed a domain structure, which formation mechanism is discussed. The structural changes at physical aging of the films affect the character of the noted domain structure. Thus, it is suggested that the mechanism of the described structural changes is realized through the developed cooperative mobility of the chains in the amorphous phase, which characterizes the processes of rotational diffusion.

This paper is devoted to the study of the structure and thermomechanical properties of PVDF-based ferroelectric polymer film. Transparent electrically conductive ITO coatings are applied to both sides of such a film. In this case, such material acquires additional functional properties due to piezoelectric and pyroelectric effects, forming, in fact, a full-fledged flexible transparent device, which, for example, will emit a sound when an acoustic signal is applied, and under various external influences can generate an electrical signal. The use of such structures is associated with the influence of various external influences on them: thermomechanical loads associated with mechanical deformations and temperature effects during operation, or when applying conductive layers to the film. The article presents structure investigation and its change during high-temperature annealing using IR spectroscopy and comparative results of testing a PVDF film before and after deposition of ITO layers for uniaxial stretching, its dynamic mechanical analysis, DSC, as well as measurements of the transparency and piezoelectric properties of such structure. It is shown that the temperature-time mode of deposition of ITO layers has little effect on the thermal and mechanical properties of PVDF films, taking into account their work in the elastic region, slightly reducing the piezoelectric properties. At the same time, the possibility of chemical interactions at the polymer–ITO interface is shown.

Homopolymerization of para‐diethynylbenzene and its copolymerization with 1,4‐diphenylbutadiyne (DPDA) in a boiling solution using carbonyl cobalt‐DPDA complex as a catalyst leads to the formation of weakly branched polymers with high thermal‐oxidative stability.

The specific surface area is a key characteristic of carbon materials used in supercapacitor electrodes. In this paper, the use of a methylene blue technique for specific surface area determination is presented. Values for the specific surface area, determined by a new method, provide better correlation with theoretical values for the specific electrical capacity of highly-porous carbon electrodes than the values measured by the common BET method. Additionally, the methylene blue adsorption method is thought to characterize carbon adsorption activity in relation to a supercapacitor electrolyte.

The work presents the investigations of working out the method of obtaining radio-absorbing composite material based on magnetite nanoparticles and polydimethylsiloxanes. The electron microphotographs of nanoparticles were obtained and the radio-physical characteristics of material in the frequency band of 0.1-8 GHz were measured.

Anionic homo- and copolymerization of p-diethynylbenzene in the presence of n-BuLi in polar solvents was carried out. The use of hexamethylphosphortriamide (HMPA) makes it possible to synthesize a completely linear soluble polymer that does not have branching and phenylene fragments. A copolymer of p-diethynylbenzene with diphenyldiacetylene was synthesized. Homo- and copolymers of p-diethynylbenzene have high thermo- and thermo-oxidative stability. By the interaction of side reactive ethynylphenylene groups with various reagents, it is proposed to synthesize clusters along the conducting chain of poly-p-diethynylbenzene. Due to presenting C≡CH side groups, boron, copper, and cobalt derivatives were synthesized. It is shown that not all theoretically possible stereoisomers can be formed as a result of the polymerization. The application of p-diethynylbenzene polymers for the modification of industrial samples of epoxy novolac resin, oligoester acrylates, and carbon fibers has been demonstrated.