ABSTRACT:Hyptis pectinata, popularly known as "sambacaitá", is a native medicinal herb used by local people for treating disease. Its pharmacological, antimicrobial, and medicinal properties have been reported in several studies. The essential oil of the leaves is rich in terpene compounds responsible for its properties. Because there are factors that can influence the chemical composition of essential oils, the objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of storage on Hyptis pectinata essential oil for 360 days at two different temperatures. The essential oil was distilled from dried leaves of seven-month-old plants using the hydrodistillation method, and the chemical composition was determined using GC-MS and GC/FID. The effects of storage on the essential oil Hyptis pectinata were tested over the course of a year (0, 15, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, 240, 300, and 360 days), using two temperatures: room (±32ºC) and freezer (-20ºC). The predominant compounds in the essential oil are β-caryophyllene, caryophyllene oxide, and germancrene D. The concentration of the chemical constituents of the essential oil varied depending on the storage temperature, and over the 360 days. The storage of the essential oil at room temperature over one year resulted in higher concentrations of β-elemene, α-copaene, germacrene D, caryophyllene oxide, and (E,E)-α-farnesene and lower content of α-humulene and β-caryophyllene, compared to the results obtained from storing the essential oil in a freezer. These results indicate that the essential oil should be stored in a freezer, which provides greater stability to the concentration of the chemical constituents.Keywords: aromatic and medicinal plant, post-harvest, sambacaitá, chemical constituents.RESUMO: Influência do tempo de armazenamento e da temperatura na composição química do óleo essencial de Hyptis pectinata L. Poit. Hyptis pectinata, conhecida popularmente como Sambacaitá é uma erva medicinal nativa utilizada pela população local para o tratamento de enfermidades, cujas propriedades farmacológicas, antimicrobianas e medicinais foram relatadas em diversos estudos. O óleo essencial das folhas é rico em compostos terpênicos responsáveis pelas suas propriedades. Devido à existência de fatores que podem influenciar a composição química dos óleos essenciais, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a influência do armazenamento do óleo essencial Hyptis pectinata durante 360 dias em duas temperaturas diferentes. O óleo essencial foi destilado a partir de folhas secas de plantas de sete meses de idade, utilizando o método de hidrodestilação e a composição química foi determinada usando CG-EM e CG-DIC. Os efeitos do armazenamento no óleo essencial Hyptis pectinata foram testados ao longo de um ano (0, 15, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, 240, 300 e 360 dias), utilizando duas temperaturas: ambiente (±32ºC) e freezer (-20ºC). Os compostos predominantes no óleo essencial foram o β-cariofileno, óxido de cariofileno e germancreno D e houve variação na concentração dos constituintes químic...
Objetivo: Identificar a prevalência e os fatores associados à amamentação na primeira hora de vida. Método: Estudo transversal realizado entre março e julho de 2018 com 655 puérperas de Lagarto, Sergipe, Brasil. Utilizou-se o Qui-quadrado e Razão de Prevalência. Resultado: A prevalência da amamentação na primeira hora de vida foi de 45,5%, sendo maior entre as mulheres que planejaram a gravidez (RP= 1,26; IC95% 1,06-2,01), realizaram o pré-natal no serviço público (RP= 1,34; IC95% 1,01-2,10) e receberam orientações sobre a sua importância (RP= 1,35; IC95% 1,08-1,96). A parturição no serviço público (RP= 2,59; IC95% 1,89-4,38), o parto vaginal (RP 2,46; IC95% 1,65-5,04) e o contato pele a pele (RP= 2,60; IC95% 2,10-5,10) mostraram-se associadas à amamentação. Conclusão: A prevalência da amamentação na primeira hora de vida está aquém das recomendações da Organização Mundial de Saúde e associada a variáveis da gravidez, parturição e nascimento.
The São Francisco river discharge regularization, which regulates floods on the riverine population land, has promoted changes in land use associated to the implementation of irrigated areas, leading to a destruction of natural riverbank vegetation and an increase in soil and bank erosion. Past river and land use involved fishermen and landholders in a complex relationship which provided for the practice of both activities: fishing and agriculture, without any constraint. The objective of this work was to understand and analytically interpret the perception of the riverine population regarding the natural or artificial floods caused by the operation of dams in the São Francisco River Basin, in its lower course. A survey related to the perception of the riverine population concerning to flood occurrences at the lower Sao Francisco river municipalities was carried out, especially in regards to the 2004 flood, with the evaluation of the produced externalities through intentional and non-probabilistic questionnaires. To the riverine population, natural floods were always historically recognized as being positive, with the practice of agriculture on the flooded lands possible and also working as a nursery area for fish, promoting the local biodiversity conservation. With the river discharge regularization throughout the year, a decrease of fish quantity, biodiversity, and waterlogged land farming (marginal lagoon) was reported. The social and environmental costs resulting from the policies of development in the São Francisco River Basin were not considered by the policymakers.
Genipa americana L. has a diversity of secondary metabolites, including iridoids, phenolic compounds, and alkaloids. Pharmacological and biological properties have also been reported. This study has aimed to evaluate the chemical composition of the essential oil (EO) obtained from the leaves of G. americana and its bioactivity against Aceria guerreronis Keifer (Acari: Eriophyidae), a serious pest of coconut production areas worldwide. EO from the leaves was extracted and analyzed by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry and flame ionization detection (GC-MS/FID). For the bioassays, the adult coconut mites were subjected to increasing concentrations of EO. The analyses showed a predominance of sesquiterpenes, followed by monoterpenes, aldehydes, and fatty acids. The EO (LC50 = 0.41 mg mL-1; LC90 = 6.43 mg mL-1) showed toxicity and repellent effects against the coconut mite. The tested EO has the potential to develop as a natural product, with acaricidal activities against A. guerreronis, in order to assist in the control of the coconut mite.
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