Audio effects are an essential tool that the field of music production relies upon. The ability to intentionally manipulate and modify a piece of sound has opened up considerable opportunities for music making. The evolution of technology has often driven new audio tools and effects, from early architectural acoustics through electromechanical and electronic devices to the digitisation of music production studios. Throughout time, music has constantly borrowed ideas and technological advancements from all other fields and contributed back to the innovative technology. This is defined as transsectorial innovation and fundamentally underpins the technological developments of audio effects. The development and evolution of audio effect technology is discussed, highlighting major technical breakthroughs and the impact of available audio effects.
This article discusses the integration of acoustic design approaches into architectural design education settings. Solving architectural acoustic problems has been for centuries one of the primary aims of theories and experiments in acoustics. Recent contributions offered by the soundscape approach have highlighted broader desirable aims which acoustic designers should pursue, fostering ecological reasoning on the acoustic environment and its perception as a whole. Drawing from the available literature, some examples are brought to show the integration of architectural acoustics and soundscape approaches into the realm of architectural design education, highlighting the significance of specific design situations and aural training techniques in learning contexts.
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Eight participants with a musical background were asked to reflect in depth on their experience of sonic environments through a structured questionnaire answered in either oral or written form. Six of these interviews took place at the Zentrum für Kunst und Medien in Karlsruhe, and two in London, to provide contrasting comparison terms. The questionnaire invited the participants to progress in their reasoning from the description of the present sonic environment to the formulation of thoughts on the acoustic design of spaces, the educational potential of soundwalking practices and the elicitation of places with aural character from their memory. The interview transcripts were qualitatively analysed through the grounded theory method with the aim to detail the underlying mechanisms towards the appraisal or criticism for an acoustic environment. Acoustic and psychoacoustic indicators were extracted from the binaural measurements of the interview settings to provide objective grounds for comparison. Five concurrent factors were identified as involved in the quality attribution process: purpose affordance, affective impact, memory, ecological awareness and acoustic design.
Playsound is a simple and intuitive tool for collaborative music composition based on sounds from Freesound, an online repository of diverse audio content with Creative Commons licenses. In this paper, we present an approach based on Semantic Web technologies to provide recommendations to Playsound users. A Semantic Web of Things architecture is outlined, showing loosely coupled, independent software agents interoperating by means of a semantic publish/subscribe platform and a set of ontologies to describe agents, audio contents, input/output of audio analytics tools and recommendations. Preliminary tests confirm that the designed architecture adapts well to environments where services can be discovered and seamlessly orchestrated on the fly, resulting in a dynamic workflow. CCS CONCEPTS • Information systems → Web Ontology Language (OWL); Collaborative and social computing systems and tools; Service buses;
This chapter presents an overview of 3 graphical tools supporting soundscape assessment in different settings, indoors and outdoors. These research prototypes support the spatial organization of the perceptual information available to the participants and are designed based on surveying techniques used in architectural training to create a foundation for acoustic design education in architecture schools. This chapter reports the contexts of the focus groups investigations, presenting advantages and drawbacks related to their use. It has been found that participants often added explanatory verbal data and arrows to the provided diagrams. The diagrams and their use have been interpreted with the support of the qualitative data captured along the studies through thematic analysis. Finally, paper prototypes are useful for educational approaches, but future more comprehensive studies will require integrating these tools in existing or yet-to-be-designed systematic frameworks for soundscape analysis and design.
Human echolocation is a method mainly used within the blind community to navigate using sound emission and analysing the returning echoes from the surrounding environment. Echolocation is predominantly trained by orientation and mobility instructors at visual rehabilitation centres. However, systematic guidelines or protocols focusing on the requirements of room acoustic simulations to accurately represent the auditory cues necessary in a virtual training environment for echolocation have not yet been developed. This paper sets out to investigate the use of geometrical acoustic (GA) calculations for a virtual echolocation training system comparing the measurements from the Benchmark for Room Acoustical Simulation (BRAS) dataset with other GA calculations outcomes. Three simple and one complex test scenes are chosen from the dataset. The calculation settings are optimised for each test scene considering the complexity of the scene, room volume and acoustic phenomena. The monaural room impulse responses from the simulations are analysed with respect to the timing of the reflections and the level relations between the reflections and the resulting frequency response for each scene. These are subsequently compared with each measured counterpart. The paper discusses the results, their limitations, and provides recommendations on the use of GA calculation tools for echolocation training scopes.
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